Table 1.
Studies on ablation in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Ablation techniques include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation and irreversible electroporation (IRE). NS not specified, US ultrasound, CT computed tomography, R retrospective, P prospective, FFX FOLFIRINOX, SAE serious adverse event, mOS median overall survival from diagnosis (mOSd) or treatment (mOSt)
| Authors | Year, design | Technique(s) | Approach, image-guidance | Number of LAPC patients | Severe morbidity | Mortality | Survival (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arcidiacono [28] | 2012, P | Cryo-RFA | Endoscopic, US | 22 | 0% | 0% | mOS 6 |
| D’Onofrio [16] | 2017, P | RFA | Percutaneous, US | 18 | 0% | 0% | mOS 6 |
| Crino [27] | 2018, P | RFA | Endoscopic, US | 8 | 0% | 0% | NS |
| Scopelliti [29] | 2018, P | RFA | Endoscopic, US | 17 | 0% | 0% | NS |
| Carrafiello [17] | 2013, R | MWA | Percutaneous/open (5/5), US and CT | 10 | 20% | 0% | 1 yr = 80% |
| Ierardi [18] | 2018, R | MWA | Percutaneous, US and CT | 5 | 0% | 0% | NS |
| Vogl [19] | 2018, R | MWA | Percutaneous, CT | 22 | 0% | 0% | NS |
| Niu [50] | 2012, R | Cryoablation | Percutaneous, US and CT | 11 | 0% | 0% | mOS 12.6 (incl. stages II, III, and IV) |
| Xu [12] | 2013, NS | Cryoablation + brachytherapy (125I seeds) | Percutaneous, US and CT | 49 | 6% | 0% | mOS 16.2 |
| Dunki-Jacobs [20] | 2014, P | IRE | Percutaneous/open (12/53), US | 65 | NS | NS | NS |
| Belfiore [21] | 2015, R | IRE | Percutaneous, CT | 29 | 0% | NS | MOSt 14 |
| Månsson [22] | 2016, P | IRE | Percutaneous, US | 24 | 13% | 0% |
MOSd 17.9 MOSt 7 |
| Scheffer [6] | 2017, P | IRE | Percutaneous, CT | 25 | 40% | 0% |
MOSd 17 MOSt 11 |
| Narayanan [11] | 2017, R | IRE | Percutaneous, CT | 50 | 20% | 0% |
MOSd 27 MOSt 14.2 |
| Zhang [23] | 2017, P | IRE | Percutaneous, US and CT | 21 | 0% | 0% | NS |
| Leen [7•] | 2018, R | IRE | Percutaneous, CT | 75 | 7 SAE in 75 pts | 0% | MOSt 27 |
| Sugimoto [24] | 2018, P | IRE | Percutaneous/open (4/4), US | 8 | 38% | 0% |
MOSd 24 MOSt 17.5 |
| Ruarus [5••] | 2019, P | IRE | Percutaneous, CT | 40 | 21 SAE in 50 pts | 4% |
MOSd 17 MOSt 9.6 |
| Månsson [25] | 2019, P | IRE | Percutaneous, US | 24 | 25% | 4% | MOSd 13.3 |
| Flak [26] | 2019, P | IRE | Percutaneous, US | 33 | 8 SAE in 33 pts | 5% |
MOSd 18.5 MOSt 10.7 |
| Van Veldhuisen [10] | 2020, R | FFX + IRE vs. FFX | Percutaneous, CT | 52 | NS AE or SAE | 0% |
mOSd FFX + IRE 17 FFX 12.4 |