Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 15.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cell. 2021 Mar 8;81(8):1640–1650. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.02.020

Figure 2: Chromatin and cofactor expression modulate pioneer-factor occupancy and activity.

Figure 2:

A. Pioneer factors (PF) bind unmarked, silent chromatin and establish regions of accessible chromatin at enhancers to allow for the subsequent binding of lineage-specific transcription factors (TF) that drive gene expression. B. Specific chromatin modifications (such as histone methylation) act as a barrier to pioneer-factor binding. Expression of enzymes that remove these marks, such as histone demethylases (HDM), enable pioneer factors to overcome this barrier, drive accessibility at enhancers and promote gene expression. C. The expression of cofactors (CoF) can stabilize pioneer-factor binding and promote genomic occupancy. TSS, transcription start site.