Table 7.

The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on maritime sectors.

Sectors	Product/service demand	Social impact	Financial impact	Business operation	Global business
Shipping	Exports: ↓ 25.5%, Imports: ↓ 30%,	300,000 seafarers trapped at sea globally.	15–60 million losses	Business as usual with strict SOP	Container ship: ↓13.77% Passenger ship: ↓42.77%
Maritime tourism	Not allowed during MCO - CMCO	Laid off: 2041 (3.6%), unpaid leave: 9773 (17%), pay cut: 5054 (9%).	60% losses	Total closure during MCO -CMCO	No international tourist due to closing of border
Fisheries	Low local and global demand	Fishermen income: ↓50% Job losses: 33%	Price of fish: ↓50–70%	Business as usual with strict SOP	Seafood imported to Singapore: ↓50%
Oil and gas	Local demand: ↓ 30%	Sapura Energy: 50% salary cut off for higher management, 800 staff lay off (20%)	No data	Business as usual with strict SOP	Oil prices: ↓ 30% BP: Cut off 15% staff worldwide (10,000)