Table 3.

Biochemical correlations between COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency. Data compoled from [130], [194], [195], [196], [197], [198], [199], [200], [201].

Parameters	COVID-19	Vitamin D deficiency
IL-6	Increased	Increased
TNF-α	Increased	Increased
IFNγ	Increased (late in course)	Increased
C-reactive protein	Increased	Increased
D-dimer	Increased	Increased
Innate immune response	Decreased	Decreased
Th1 adaptive immune response	Increased (late in course)	Increased
Cytokine storm	Increased	Increased
ACE2 expression	Decreased	Decreased
Coagulability	Increased	Increased