Table 5.
Risk Factors for 100-Day Mortality
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||||
| Factors | Nonsurvivors (N = 23) | Survivors (N = 58) | P Value | Model 1a | Model 2a | ||
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (median, years) | 65 (24–83) | 60 (20–94) | .15 | ||||
| Men | 74% (17) | 66% (38) | .60 | ||||
| Whiteb | 65% (11/17) | 60% (41/68) | .79 | ||||
| Solid organ transplant | 13% (3) | 14% (8) | 1.0 | ||||
| Diabetes | 30% (7) | 19% (11) | .24 | ||||
| Malignancy | 35% (8) | 32% (19) | .79 | ||||
| Characteristic | |||||||
| Hospital-acquired infection | 65% (15) | 65% (38) | 1.0 | ||||
| SAPS II | 38.5 (12–72) | 31 (12–64) | .05 | .43 | |||
| Source of Infection | |||||||
| Spontaneous esophageal rupture | 35% (8) | 7% (4) | .003 | .003 | 10.5 (2.2–49.7) | .003 | 14 (2.4–81.3) |
| Contiguous source | 78% (18) | 74% (43) | .78 | ||||
| Microbiology | |||||||
| Candida albicans | 52% (12) | 69% (40) | .20 | ||||
| Candida glabrata | 30% (7) | 28% (16) | .79 | ||||
| Candida parapsilosis | 9% (2) | 12% (7) | 1.0 | ||||
| Candida tropicalis | 4% (1) | 3% (2) | 1.0 | ||||
| >1 Candida spp | 4% (1) | 14% (8) | |||||
| Polymicrobial | 43% (10) | 53% (31) | .47 | ||||
| Bacteremia | 11% (2/18) | 6% (2/34) | .60 | ||||
| Management | |||||||
| Source Control: | |||||||
| Percutaneous drainage | 100% (23) | 95% (55) | .55 | ||||
| VATSc | 7% (1/15) | 15% (6/40) | .66 | ||||
| Thoracotomyd | 33% (7/21) | 19% (8/42) | .23 | ||||
| Antifungal Therapy: | |||||||
| Receipt of antifungal | 74% (17) | 90% (52) | .09 | .046 | 0.24 (0.06–0.98) | ||
| Fluconazolee | 50% (8/16) | 80% (39/49) | .05 | .038 | 4.5 (1.1–18.8) | ||
| Caspofungine | 50% (8/15) | 20% (10/49) | |||||
Bold text denotes variables (found significant by univariate analyses at P < .10) that were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SAPS II, simplified acute physiology score II; VAPS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
aModel 1 included antifungal treatment for ≥48 hours as a variable. Model 2 included receipt of fluoconazole (as opposed to an echinocandin) as a variable. In Model 2, 4 patients who received combination antifungal therapy were excluded.
bRace was not recorded for 13 patients (7 in the nonsurvivor group, 6 in the survivor group).
cTwenty-six patients who received both VATS and thoracotomy were excluded from this analysis.
dEighteen patients who received both thoracotomy and VATS were excluded from this analysis.
eReceipt of antifungal agents for ≥48 hours. Four patients who received combination antifungal therapy were excluded from this analysis. P values are for comparisons of outcomes among patients receiving fluconazole vs those receiving an echinocandin.