Table 3.
Genome size data available for Equisetum species including new estimates reported in this paper and those from the literature. Details of plant material (where available) are also given. N.B. All genome size estimates listed in the table were determined by flow cytometry (using propidium iodide as the fluorochrome), except for the three estimates reported by Grime et al. (1988), who used Feulgen microdensitometry
| Species | Voucher (herbarium) | Country of origin | 1C DNA amount (pg) | 2C DNA amount (pg) | SD | Calibration standard* | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgenus Paramochaete | |||||||
| E. bogotense | Smrzova 2005.00915 (H) | Peru | 21.13 | 42.27 | 0.18 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. bogotense | Husby 28 (FTG) | Chile | 21.28 | 42.56 | 0.37 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| Mean | 21.05 | ||||||
| Subgenus Equisetum | |||||||
| E. pratense | Väre 19931 (H) | Finland | 11.9 | 23.8 | 0.17 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Acock 17 (-) | UK | 15.48 | 30.96 | 0.04 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Acock s.n. (-) | UK | 15.47 | 30.94 | 0.11 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Basil s.n. (-) | UK | 15.3 | 30.6 | 0.5 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Christenhusz 6736 (K) | UK | 16.37 | 32.74 | 0.37 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Christenhusz 6793 (K) | UK | 15.65 | 31.3 | 0.25 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Christenhusz 6866 (PG) | UK | 15.01 | 30.02 | 0.49 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Christenhusz 7128 (K) | Netherlands | 14.69 | 29.38 | 0.1 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Fay 09-07-2015 (K) | UK | 14.75 | 29.5 | 0.25 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. palustre | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (WI) | 14.2 | – | – | Pisum 3 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| Mean | 15.41 | ||||||
| E. telmateia | Christenhusz 6724 (H) | Spain | 13.71 | 27.42 | 0.46 | Pisum 5 | This paper |
| E. telmateia | Christenhusz 6792 (K) | UK | 14.31 | 28.62 | 0.21 | Pisum 5 | This paper |
| E. telmateia | Mean | 14.01 | |||||
| E. braunii | UConn 200202437 | 13.17 | 26.34 | 0 | Allium 1 | This paper | |
| E. braunii | UConn 1998800141 | 13.1 | 26.2 | 0.09 | Allium 1 | This paper | |
| Mean | 13.14 | ||||||
| E. sylvaticum | Väre 19923 (H) | Finland | 12.37 | 24.74 | 0.12 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. sylvaticum | Fay s.n. (K) | UK | 13.04 | 26.07 | 0.3 | Pisum 4 | This paper |
| E. sylvaticum | Bainard et al. (OAC) | Canada | 12.89 | 25.78 | 0.54 | Allium 2 | Bainard et al. (2011) |
| E. sylvaticum | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (WI) | 12.7 | – | – | Pisum 4 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| Mean | 12.65 | ||||||
| E. diffusum | Sekerka & Chvosta 2008.10498 (H) | China | 13.83 | 27.76 | 0.2 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. fluviatile | Christenhusz 6025 (H) | Finland | 13.95 | 27.9 | 0.03 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. fluviatile | No data | 13.5 | – | – | Allium 1 | Grime et al. (1988) | |
| Mean | 13.73 | ||||||
| E. arvense | Christenhusz 6735 (K) | Finland | 13.79 | 27.58 | 0.78 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. arvense | No data | 14.2 | – | – | Allium 1 | Grime et al. (1988) | |
| E. arvense | Bainard et al. (OAC) | Canada | 14.65 | 29.29 | 0.25 | Pisum 5 | Bainard et al. (2011) |
| E. arvense | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (WI) | 13.7 | – | – | Pisum 4 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| Mean | 14.09 | ||||||
| Subgenus Hippochaete | |||||||
| E. scirpoides | RBG, Kew Acc 1934–97905 (K) | 21.25 | 42.5 | 0.04 | Allium 1 | Obermayer et al. (2002) | |
| E. scirpoides | Lubienski 41 (BOCH) | Sweden | 21.1 | 42.2 | 0.05 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. scirpoides | Lubienski 66 (BOCH) | Norway | 21.7 | 43.4 | 0.62 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. scirpoides | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (WI) | 21.8 | – | – | Vicia 3 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| E. scirpoides | Firsov s.n. (H, K) | Russia (Kamchatka) | 21.46 | 42.92 | 0.64 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| Mean | 21.46 | ||||||
| E. variegatum | RBG, Kew Acc. No. 1977-882 (K) | 30.35 | 60.7 | 0.19 | Allium 1 | Obermayer et al. (2002) | |
| E. variegatum | Lubienski 36 (BOCH) | Germany | 31.1 | 62.2 | 0.7 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. variegatum | Lubienski 63 (BOCH) | Norway | 32.6 | 65.1 | 0.27 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. variegatum | Lubienski SP 73/93 (BOCH) | Switzerland | 31.3 | 62.6 | 0.19 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| Mean | 31.34 | ||||||
| E. ramosissimum var. huegelii | RBG, Kew Acc. No 1974-1881 (K) | Sri Lanka | 26.2 | 52.5 | 0.24 | Allium 1 | Obermayer et al. (2002) |
| E. ramosissimum var. ramosissimum | Christenhusz 6700 (BEI, K, H) | Lebanon | 26.71 | 53.42 | 0.06 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. ramosissimum var. ramosissimum | Lubienski 33 (BOCH) | Germany | 28.2 | 56.4 | 0.06 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. ramosissimum var. ramosissimum | Lubienski 35 (BOCH) | France | 28.1 | 56.1 | 0.05 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. ramosissimum var. ramosissimum | Lubienski 91 (BOCH) | France | 28.3 | 56.5 | 0.36 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| Mean | 27.83 | ||||||
| E. hyemale | Lubienski 28 (BOCH) | Germany | 26.3 | 52.5 | 0.71 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. hyemale | Lubienski 29 (BOCH) | Germany | 26.7 | 53.3 | 0 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| E. hyemale | Lubienski 70 (BOCH) | Germany | 26.2 | 52.4 | 0.28 | Allium 1 | Bennert et al. (2005) |
| Mean | 26.4 | ||||||
| E. praealtum | Christenhusz 6232 (H) | USA (CA) | 26.73 | 53.46 | 0.2 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. praealtum | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (MI) | 26.5 | – | – | Vicia 3 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| E. praealtum | Bainard et al. (OAC) | Canada | 26.9 | 53.8 | 0.605 | Pisum 5 | Bainard et al. (2011) |
| Mean | 26.71 | ||||||
| E. laevigatum | Christenhusz 6161 (H) | USA (CA) | 25.75 | 51.49 | 0.39 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. laevigatum | Bai et al. (WIS) | USA (MI) | 25.7 | – | – | Pisum 4 | Bai et al. (2012) |
| Mean | 25.73 | ||||||
| E. myriochaetum | RBG, Kew Acc. No. 1994–3384 (K) | 25.65 | 51.3 | 0.4 | Allium 1 | Obermayer et al. (2002) | |
| E. giganteum | Husby 3 (FTG) | Peru | 23.4 | 46.8 | 0.08 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. giganteum | Husby 20 (FTG) | Argentina | 23.42 | 46.84 | 0.06 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| E. giganteum | MBC 20100220A (FTG) | Peru | 23.59 | 47.18 | 0.07 | Allium 1 | This paper |
| Mean | 23.47 | ||||||
| E. xylochaetum | UConn 200400108 = Husby 1 (FTG) | Chile | 23.59 | 47.18 | 0.16 | Allium 1 | This paper |
BOCH, Herbarium, Fakultät für Biologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany; FTG, Herbarium, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Florida, USA; H, Herbarium, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki University, Finland; K, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK; MBC,– Montgomery Botanical Centre, Florida, USA; OAC, Bio Herbarium, University of Guelph, Canada; RBG, Kew, Living Collections, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK; WIS, Herbarium, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, USA; UConn, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, USA.
*Calibration standards used and their assumed 2C-values for converting relative units into absolute DNA amounts: 1Allium cepa ‘Ailsa Craig’ 2C = 33.5 pg; 2Allium cepa ‘Alice’ 2C = 34.89 pg; 3Vicia faba ‘Bell Bean’ 2C = 26.53 pg; 4Pisum sativum ‘Dwarf Gray Sugar’ 2C = 8.92 pg; 5Pisum sativum ‘Citrad’ 2C = 9.09 pg.