Table 4.
Moderator | n | Point estimate | Confidence interval | Q | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Superordinate factor | Definition | |||||
Alcohol consumption | Alone | 10 | 0.24 | 0.08, 0.38 | 0.08 | 0.77 |
All others | 6 | 0.21 | 0.13, 0.29 | |||
Drinking problems | Alone | 10 | 0.23 | 0.10, 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.62 |
All others | 6 | 0.20 | 0.13, 0.26 | |||
Negative affect | Alone | 4 | 0.20 | 0.11, 0.29 | 0.03 | 0.87 |
All others | 5 | 0.21 | 0.15, 0.27 | |||
Social discomfort | Alone | 2 | 0.23 | 0.07, 0.38 | 3.07 | 0.08 |
All others | 2 | 0.07 | 0.01, 0.14 | |||
Negative reinforcement | Alone | 7 | 0.29 | 0.26, 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.62 |
All others | 6 | 0.27 | 0.18, 0.35 | |||
Positive reinforcement | Alone | 6 | 0.13 | 0.04, 0.21 | 0.72 | 0.40 |
All others | 4 | 0.06 | −0.08, 0.19 | |||
Age groupa | ||||||
Alcohol consumption | Adolescents | 7 | 0.31 | 0.12, 0.47 | 2.14 | 0.14 |
Young adults | 9 | 0.16 | 0.08, 0.24 | |||
Drinking problems | Adolescents | 4 | 0.33 | 0.11, 0.53 | 1.85 | 0.17 |
Young adults | 12 | 0.18 | 0.13, 0.22 | |||
Negative affect | Adolescents | 2 | 0.19 | 0.06, 0.32 | 0.14 | 0.71 |
Young adults | 7 | 0.22 | 0.16, 0.27 | |||
Negative reinforcement | Adolescents | 4 | 0.29 | 0.25, 0.32 | 0.13 | 0.72 |
Young adults | 9 | 0.27 | 0.22, 0.33 | |||
Positive reinforcement | Adolescents | 4 | 0.17 | 0.06, 0.27 | 3.07 | 0.08 |
Young adults | 6 | 0.04 | −0.05, 0.14 | |||
Quality levelb | Z-value | |||||
Alcohol consumption | 16 | 0.03 | −0.12 to 0.18 | 0.40 | 0.69 | |
Drinking problems | 16 | −0.04 | −0.17 to 0.10 | −0.52 | 0.60 | |
Negative affect | 9 | −0.01 | −0.07 to 0.04 | −0.45 | 0.65 | |
Social discomfort | 4 | 0.06 | −0.06 to 0.18 | 0.80 | 0.42 | |
Negative reinforcement | 13 | −0.04 | −0.09 to 0.01 | −1.43 | 0.15 | |
Positive reinforcement | 10 | −0.02 | −0.12 to 0.08 | −0.41 | 0.69 |
Social discomfort only contained young adult samples, and thus was not included in these analyses.
Quality level analyses were run using meta-regression with quality level designated as a continuous variable.