Table 1.
Comparison of clinical and neuroimaging characteristics between patients with and without coagulopathy. Multivariable odds ratios for mortality from a logistic regression model adjusted for the given variables
| Variable | Coagulopathy N = 206 (40.8%) | No coagulopathy N = 299 (59.2%) | p | Multivariable odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Multivariable p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender | 137 (66.5%) | 194 (64.9%) | 0.775 | 1.131 (0.700–1.825) | 0.615 |
| Age, mean (95% CI) | 69.0 (66.8–71.3) | 57.5 (55.0–60.0) | < 0.001 | NAa | NAa |
| Age group | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 50 | 27 (13.1%) | 113 (37.8%) | Reference | ||
| 50–64 | 47 (22.8%) | 100 (33.4%) | 1.194 (0.643–2.218) | 0.575 | |
| 65–79 | 82 (39.8%) | 53 (17.7%) | 3.862 (1.967–7.582) | < 0.001 | |
| ≥ 80 | 50 (24.3%) | 33 (11.0%) | 3.055 (1.349–6.919) | 0.007 | |
| Admission GCS | 0.448 | ||||
| 13–15 | 130 (63.1%) | 180 (60.2%) | Reference | ||
| 9–12 | 26 (12.6%) | 32 (10.7%) | 1.135 (0.555–2.323) | 0.728 | |
| 3–8 | 50 (24.3%) | 87 (29.1%) | 1.216 (0.727–2.032) | 0.457 | |
| Hypertension | 90 (43.7%) | 73 (24.4%) | < 0.001 | 1.214 (0.737–2.001) | 0.446 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 64 (31.1%) | 6 (2.0%) | < 0.001 | 14.416 (5.794–35.873) | < 0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 53 (25.7%) | 10 (3.3%) | < 0.001 | 6.312 (2.891–13.785) | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol abuse | 63 (30.6%) | 85 (28.4%) | 0.620 | 2.150 (1.280–3.611) | 0.004 |
| Antiplatelet medication | 99 (48.1%) | NAb | NAb | NAb | NAb |
| Anticoagulation medication | 73 (35.4%) | NAb | NAb | NAb | NAb |
| Thrombocyte level (100 × 109/L), mean (95% CI) | 202 (182–222) | NAb | NAb | NAb | NAb |
| INR value, mean (95% CI) | 2.4 (2.1–2.7) | NAb | NAb | NAb | NAb |
| Thromboplastin time (%), mean (95% CI) | 41 (35–48) | NAb | NAb | NAb | NAb |
| Hematoma evacuation | 124 (60.2%) | 148 (49.5%) | 0.011 | 0.949 (0.540–1.671) | 0.857 |
| Ventriculostomy | 6 (2.9%) | 8 (2.7%) | 0.540 | 2.115 (0.594–7.526) | 0.247 |
| Hemorrhage volume (mL), mean (95% CI) | 140.0 (125.4–154.4) | 98.4 (86.4–110.4) | < 0.001 | NAa | NAa |
| Hemorrhage volume (mL) | < 0.001 | ||||
| 0–50 | 69 (33.5%) | 151 (50.5%) | Reference | ||
| 51–100 | 23 (11.2%) | 45 (15.1%) | 0.706 (0.337–1.478) | 0.356 | |
| 101–200 | 67 (32.5%) | 60 (20.1%) | 1.328 (0.675–2.613) | 0.411 | |
| > 200 | 47 (22.8%) | 43 (14.4%) | 1.092 (0.514–2.317) | 0.819 |
p, p-value; CI, confidence interval; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale. NAa = not included in the regression model due to categorized parameter of the same value, NAb = not analyzed due to medication itself being a defining factor for coagulopathy