Table 1 :
Baseline characteristics of study participants by total Mg quintiles (n=6,802)
| Total Mg intake quintiles | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | P | ||
| Total Mg (mg/day) | 169.3 (38.0) | 259.1 (19.6) | 324.1(18.8) | 394.4 (23.2) | 541.3 (97.7) | ||
| Dietary Mg (mg/day) | 160.0 (39.5) | 225.5 (45.5) | 266.8 (48.9) | 327.1 (47.7) | 469.2 (104.5) | <0.0001 | |
| Mg supplement (mg/day) | 9.3 (25.0) | 36.7 (44.3) | 57.3 (46.2) | 67.3 (43.5) | 72.1 (41.5) | <0.0001 | |
| Total Ca (mg/day) | 617.1 (420.8) | 895.4 (459.4) | 1,087.0 (508.3) | 1,254.4 (531.5) | 1,550.9 (617.5) | <0.0001 | |
| Dietary Ca (mg/day) | 391.0 (182.9) | 541.7 (223.7) | 643.8 (252.1) | 776.6 (284.0) | 1056.1 (396.2) | <0.0001 | |
| Age (years) | 62.6 (9.1) | 62.5 (8.7) | 63.7 (8.4) | 63.4 (8.6) | 63.4 (8.7) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex (% female) | 63.3 | 59.6 | 58.0 | 53.2 | 48.3 | <0.0001 | |
| Race (% black) | 40.2 | 28.8 | 22.0 | 19.6 | 17.2 | <0.0001 | |
| Education | Less than high school | 8.9 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 2.8 | <0.0001 |
| High school graduate | 26.0 | 21.2 | 20.4 | 18.4 | 15.8 | ||
| Some college | 28.3 | 28.6 | 25.3 | 23.5 | 22.6 | ||
| College graduate and above | 37.1 | 45.6 | 51.0 | 54.0 | 58.8 | ||
| BMI (mean, SD) | 27.2 (5.1) | 26.8 (4.8) | 26.6 (4.9) | 26.5 (4.7) | 26.2 (4.4) | <0.0001 | |
| Physical Activity | None | 32.7 | 26.0 | 24.9 | 24.0 | 18.2 | <0.0001 |
| 1-3times /week | 38.7 | 43.5 | 40.5 | 39.4 | 39.2 | ||
| ≥4 times/week | 28.6 | 30.5 | 34.7 | 36.6 | 42.7 | ||
| Alcohol | Heavy | 4.5 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.4 | <0.0001 |
| Moderate | 35.7 | 42.2 | 43.5 | 47.7 | 47.9 | ||
| None | 59.7 | 51.7 | 46.5 | 46.5 | 46.7 | ||
| Smoking | Current | 14.1 | 12.6 | 9.6 | 8.9 | 6.9 | <0.0001 |
| Past | 33.8 | 36.4 | 38.9 | 40.3 | 42.1 | ||
| Never | 52.1 | 51.0 | 51.6 | 50.8 | 51.0 | ||
| Aspirin use (%) | 29.4 | 35.0 | 40.6 | 42.0 | 43.0 | <0.0001 | |
| Calorie intake (kcal/day) | 1,139.4 (357.1) | 1,445.7 (437.0) | 1,645.7 (467.7) | 1,912.8 (544.5) | 2,458.5 (696.9) | <0.0001 | |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 91.7 (18.4) | 91.3 (16.3) | 91.1 (15.0) | 91.0 (16.1) | 90.4 (13.1) | 0.147 | |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 58.4 (15.8) | 58.4 (16.6) | 58.4 (16.2) | 58.1 (16.3) | 57.2 (15.9) | 0.072 | |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 119.7 (33.1) | 117.2 (32.1) | 114.3 (33.2) | 116.8 (32.1) | 114.1 (30.7) | <0.0001 | |
| TG (mg/dL) | 105.3 (51.0) | 108.4 (54.8) | 112.7 (58.0) | 111.4 (32.1) | 104.2 (83.8) | <0.0001 | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 199.4 (37.1) | 197.4 (36.6) | 195.5 (37.5) | 197.2 (35.9) | 191.9 (34.7) | <0.0001 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.8 (15.8) | 121.9 (14.7) | 121.8 (15.4) | 121.4 (14.5) | 121.2 (14.4) | 0.289 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.1 (9.4) | 75.5 (8.8) | 74.7 (8.7) | 74.3 (8.6) | 74.2 (8.7) | <0.0001 | |
| WC (cm) | 88.1 (12.8) | 88.2 (14.7) | 88.1 (13.2) | 88.1 (12.5) | 88.3 (12.9) | 0.994 | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL, high density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; TG, triglycerides; WC, waist circumference
The values are means (SD) for continuous variables and percent (%) for categorical variables. Chi-squared test for categorical variables, and ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables were used to compute the P values.