Identification of lpxM as an essential gene in the absence of clsA by Tn-seq. High-density Tn libraries were generated in WT (W3110) and clsA, clsB, clsC, clsABC, and lpxM mutants. The sites of Tn insertions were identified by deep sequencing and mapped onto the W3110 reference genome. (A) Shown are Tn insertion profiles of the lpxM operon in WT and ∆cls Tn libraries. (B) Tn insertions of the three cls genes in WT and lpxM Tn libraries. The height of each line in the profile represents the number of sequencing reads corresponding to a Tn insertion at the indicated genome position. In blue, the RPKM value for the gene is listed. In red is the fold change of RPKM value of the genes listed relative to WT. A total of three biological replicates where completed. The profile and the RPKM shown is that of a single biological replicate, but the fold change is the average of all replicates.