Table 1.

Intervention phases in Bihar, India

Integrated family health initiative (2011–2013)	Technical support unit (2014–2017)
Direct engagement in programme activities	Technical support
Participate in planning and coordination of programme activities in eight initial districts Direct provision of logistical support Direct involvement with capacity building in health facilities and for government cadres Direct supervision of programme staff Health system strengthening (eg, facility infrastructure, supply chains and information systems improvements) Engagement with FHWs employing an incremental learning approach and using the health subcentre platform offering: didactic sessions gradually introducing new topics Mobile Kunji as job aids for messaging data to demonstrate programme gaps home visit planners to ensure timely contacts and relevant messaging by women’s pregnancy trimester Behavioural change communications Work with women’s self-help groups	Participate in planning and coordination of programme activities at scale in all 38 districts Capacity building for block-level leadership and government cadres Strengthening of overall supervisory system for the programme Focused efforts on select interventions (eg, nurse mentoring and training) Engagement with FHW supervisors rather than FHWs Technical assistance for behavioural change communications Support of women’s self-help groups during state planning

FHWs, frontline health workers.