Table 2.
Sociodemographic, comorbidity, clinical and outcome characteristics in surge 1 and surge 2 hospitalized patients with coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19)
| Surge 1 (n = 1570) | Surge 2 (n = 302) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years—median (IQR) | 68.0 (27.0) | 67.0 (24.0) | 0.071 |
| <18 y, n (%) | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.7) | 0.344 |
| 18–64 y, n (%) | 713 (45.4) | 138 (45.7) | |
| ≥65 y, n (%) | 854 (54.4) | 162 (53.6) | |
| Gender male, n (%) | 824 (52.5) | 185 (61.3) | 0.005 |
| Onset symptoms PCR, days—median (IQR) | 5.0 (5.0) | 4.0 (5.0) | 0.249 |
| Comorbiditiesa, n (%) | 998 (63.6) | 223 (74.3) | <0.001 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 719 (45.8) | 149 (49.3) | 0.258 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 291 (18.5) | 56 (18.5) | 0.997 |
| CKD, n (%) | 146 (9.3) | 25 (8.3) | 0.573 |
| COPD, n (%) | 115 (7.3) | 28 (9.3) | 0.243 |
| Heart disease, n (%) | 114 (7.3) | 34 (11.3) | 0.018 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 88 (5.6) | 26 (8.6) | 0.046 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 101 (6.4) | 28 (9.3) | 0.075 |
| Dementia, n (%) | 113 (7.2) | 5 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Pregnancy, n (%) | 10 (0.6) | 6 (2.0) | 0.032 |
| Therapeutic interventions | |||
| HCQ + AZR, n (%) | 1122 (71.5) | 0 (0) | — |
| Antibiotics, n (%) | 620 (39.5) | 129 (42.7) | 0.4973 |
| DRV/c/TAF/FTC, n (%) | 47 (2.9) | 0 (0) | — |
| Corticosteroids, n (%) | 0 (0) | 44 (5.2) | — |
| Tocilizumab, n (%) | 58 (3.7) | 28 (9.3) | <0.001 |
| IFN, n (%) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | — |
| LPV/r, n (%) | 1 (0.06) | 0 (0) | — |
| Remdesivir, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | — |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 172 (10.9) | 53 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 124 (7.9) | 35 (11.6) | 0.018 |
| Hospital stay, days—median (IQR) | 5.0 (6.0) | 5.0 (8.0) | 0.751 |
| All-cause in-hospital mortality, n (%) | 206 (13.1) | 20 (6.6) | 0.012 |
| <18 years, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | — |
| 18–64 years, n (%) | 31 (4.4) | 4 (3.2) | 0.749 |
| >65 years, n (%) | 175 (20.5) | 16 (9.9) | 0.012 |
| Male, n (%) | 114 (13.8) | 13 (8.2) | 0.069 |
| Female, n (%) | 92 (12.3) | 7 (6.8) | 0.139 |
Values are expressed as numbers and percentages or as medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs) unless otherwise specified. PCR, polymerase chain reaction; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; AZR, azithromycin; DRV/c/TAF/FTC, darunavir/cobicistat/tenofovir/alafenamide/emtricitabine; IFN, interferon; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; ICU, intensive care unit.
a
A patient can have more than one comorbidity or therapeutic intervention.