Table 2.
Clinical and Demographic Data for Biomarker-Confirmed AD Groups
| CN (n=681) | MCIAβ+Ptau+ (n=185) | ADAβ+Ptau+ (n=133) | F or x2 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical/Demographic | |||||
| Age, yrs | 73.9 (6.8) | 73.6 (7.1) | 74.3 (8.0) | 0.557 | .57 |
| Sex (n,% Male) | 358 (52.6%) | 99 (53.5%) | 71 (53.4%) | 0.069 | .97 |
| BMI, kg/m2ac | 27.4 (4.9) | 26.1 (4.1) | 25.3 (4.3) | 13.138 | < .001 |
| Education, yrsa | 16.3 (2.7) | 16.1 (2.8) | 15.4 (2.8) | 5.022 | .007 |
| APOE-ϵ4 carriers (n,%)ac | 232 (34.1%) | 132 (72.4%) | 103 (77.4%) | 143.260 | < .001 |
| Hypertensive (n,%) | 317 (46.6%) | 91 (49.2%) | 68 (51.1%) | 0.991 | .61 |
| Medication Use, (n,%) | |||||
| Antihypertensive agents | 128 (18.8%) | 33 (17.8%) | 30 (22.6%) | 1.259 | .53 |
| ACE inhibitors | 38 (29.7%) | 12 (36.4%) | 11 (36.7%) | ||
| Alpha-blockers | 7 (18.3%) | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Angiotensin II inhibitors | 29 (22.7%) | 6 (18.2%) | 7 (23.3%) | ||
| Calcium channel-blockers | 37 (28.9%) | 5 (15.2%) | 9 (30.0%) | ||
| Central agonists | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Combined alpha-beta-blockers | 2 (1.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Diuretics | 15 (11.7%) | 9 (27.3%) | 3 (10.0%) | ||
| Vasodilators | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| ChEIsabc | 38 (5.6%) | 49 (26.5%) | 47 (35.3%) | 118.25 | < .001 |
| Mean BP, mmHg | |||||
| Systolic | 132.4 (13.0) | 133.3 (13.6) | 133.1 (12.4) | 0.319 | .73 |
| Diastolic | 73.5 (7.9) | 73.4 (6.9) | 74.4 (6.4) | 1.407 | .35 |
| Baseline Vascular Risk Factors, (n,%) | |||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 74 (10.9%) | 26 (14.1%) | 19 (14.3%) | 2.233 | .33 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 28 (4.1%) | 4 (0.5%) | 1 (3.0%) | 5.851 | .05 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 42 (6.2%) | 14 (7.6%) | 8 (6.0%) | 0.515 | .77 |
| Carotid artery disease | 3 (0.4%) | 3 (1.6%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2.923 | .23 |
| TIA/minor stroke | 16 (2.4%) | 4 (2.2%) | 4 (3.0%) | 0.261 | .88 |
Means and standard deviations shown unless otherwise indicated.
Significant differences (p < .05) among biomarker-confirmed AD groups are identified in boldface type.
indicates a Least Significant Difference-corrected pairwise difference between ADAβ+Ptau+ and CN at p < .05
indicates a Least Significant Difference-corrected pairwise difference between ADAβ+Ptau+ and MCIAβ+Ptau+ at p < .05
indicates a Least Significant Difference-corrected pairwise difference between MCIAβ+Ptau+ and CN at p < .05
Abbreviations: ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; Aβ = amyloid-β; APOE = apolipoprotein E; BP = blood pressure; BMI = body mass index; ChEIs = acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; Ptau = phosphorylated tau; TIA = transient ischemic attack; CN = cognitively normal; MCI = Mild Cognitive Impairment; AD = Alzheimer’s disease