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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesth Analg. 2021 May 1;132(5):1254–1264. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005361

Table 1.

A comparison of general anesthesia and sleep:

Natural Sleep General Anesthesia
Loss of consciousness? Yes Yes
Reversible? Yes Yes
Arousable? Yes- with sufficient external stimuli No
Cyclical/Ultradian rhythm? Yes No
Susceptible to homeostatic pressures? Yes Maybe
Can relieve sleep pressure? Yes Maybe
Memory formation? Important for memory processing and consolidation No
Sense of time passing? Yes No