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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Place. 2020 Jun 15;64:102361. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102361

Table 2.

Difference-in-difference models by neighborhood

Hill District (intervention neighborhood) Homewood (comparison neighborhood) Difference-in-Difference
Baseline mean (SE) Change 2013–2016 (SE) Baseline mean (SE) Change 2013–2016 (SE) HD Change - HW Change
Walk Score 7.78 (0.08) 1.55 (0.10) *** 7.11 (0.12) 0.26 (0.14) 1.29 (0.17) ***
Incivility 4.56 (0.04) −0.05 (0.05) 5.41 (0.06) 0.35 (0.07) *** −0.40 (0.08) ***
Total crime 22.16 (0.81) 2.23 (0.74) ** 25.22 (1.28) −1.61 (1.08) 3.84 (1.30) **
Property crime 7.46 (0.32) 2.34 (0.38) *** 9.28 (0.49) 0.74 (0.56) 1.59 (0.68) *
Violent crime 6.74 (0.35) 1.25 (0.34) *** 9.48 (0.54) −1.44 (0.50) ** 2.69 (0.61) ***
*

p<.05,

**

p<.01,

***

p<.001;

Note: all models adjust for covariates and include weighting to account for attrition between baseline and follow-up. Covariates included age, gender, household income, marital status, level of education, any children in household, and years in neighborhood.