Table 7.
Standardized Direct, Indirect, and Total Effects of the Hypothesized Model
| Research Construct | Point Estimate (c) | Product of Coefficients | Bootstrapping | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentile 95% CI | Two-Tailed Significance | |||||
| SE | Z | Lower | Upper | |||
| FAM→PI | 0.299 | 0.146 | 2.048 | 0.034 | 0.602 | 0.041 (**) |
| INT→PI | 0.305 | 0.129 | 2.364 | 0.053 | 0.554 | 0.018 (**) |
| PU→PI | 0.332 | 0.111 | 2.991 | 0.090 | 0.522 | 0.003 (**) |
| FAM→PU | 0.500 | 0.125 | 4.000 | 0.262 | 0.736 | 0 0.000 (***) |
| INT→PU | 0.432 | 0.122 | 3.541 | 0.162 | 0.631 | 0 0.000 (***) |
| FAM→PI | 0.166 | 0.062 | 2.677 | 0.046 | 0.297 | 0.007 (**) |
| INT→PI | 0.143 | 0.062 | 2.306 | 0.025 | 0.271 | 0.021 (**) |
| FAM→PI | 0.465 | 0.125 | 3.720 | 0.214 | 0.691 | 0.000 (***) |
| INT→PI | 0.449 | 0.127 | 3.535 | 0.177 | 0.665 | 0 0.000 (***) |
| PU→PI | 0.332 | 0.111 | 2.991 | 0.090 | 0.522 | 0.003 (**) |
| FAM→PU | 0.500 | 0.125 | 4.000 | 0.262 | 0.736 | 0.000 (***) |
| INT→PU | 0.432 | 0.122 | 3.541 | 0.162 | 0.631 | 0.000 (**) |
Notes: **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed).
Abbreviation: SE, standard error.