Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Characteristics | No Depression | With Depression | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (participants) | 10,558 | 3417 | |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||
| Male (%) | 5548 (52.5) | 1352 (39.6) | |
| Female (%) | 5010 (47.5) | 2065 (60.4) | |
| Age | <0.001 | ||
| 20–44 (%) | 4643 (43.9) | 1387 (40.5) | |
| 45–64 (%) | 3553 (33.7) | 1290 (37.7) | |
| ≥65 (%) | 2362 (22.4) | 740 (21.8) | |
| Race | <0.001 | ||
| Mexican American (%) | 1444 (13.7) | 463 (13.5) | |
| Other Hispanic (%) | 1091 (10.3) | 429 (12.5) | |
| Non-Hispanic White (%) | 4052 (38.3) | 1353 (39.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black (%) | 2304 (21.8) | 798 (23.4) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian (%) | 1348 (12.7) | 239 (6.9) | |
| Other Race (%) | 319 (3.2) | 135 (4.1) | |
| Education level | <0.001 | ||
| Less than 11th grade (%) | 2095 (19.8) | 941 (27.5) | |
| High school graduate (%) | 2226 (21.1) | 820 (23.9) | |
| College graduate or above (%) | 6237 (59.1) | 1656 (48.6) | |
| Marital status | <0.001 | ||
| Married/living with partner (%) | 6543 (61.9) | 1672 (48.9) | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated (%) | 1982 (18.8) | 985 (28.8) | |
| Never married (%) | 2033 (19.3) | 760 (22.3) | |
| Family PIR | <0.001 | ||
| ≤100% (%) | 1869 (17.7) | 1035 (30.3) | |
| >100% (%) | 8689 (82.3) | 2382 (69.7) | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||
| Yes (%) | 4247 (40.2) | 1809 (52.9) | |
| No (%) | 6301 (59.8) | 1608 (47.1) | |
| Drinking alcohol | 0.083 | ||
| Yes (%) | 7523 (71.3) | 2499 (73.1) | |
| No (%) | 3025 (28.7) | 914 (26.7) | |
| BMI (mean±SD) | 28.70±6.34 | 30.30±7.75 | <0.001 |
| WHtR (mean±SD) | 58.80±9.30 | 61.46±10.88 | <0.001 |
| PIR, poverty-to-income ratio | |||