Table 4.

Logistic Regression Analyses of the Relationship Between Co-Variables and Depression

Variables	OR (95% CI)	P value
Sex
Male	Ref
Female	1.81 (1.65–1.98)	<0.001
Age
20–44	Ref
45–64	1.19 (1.07–1.31)	0.00
≥65	0.92 (0.81–1.04)	0.17
Race
Mexican American	Ref
Other Hispanic	1.27 (1.07–1.50)	0.01
Non-Hispanic White	1.26 (1.09–1.45)	0.00
Non-Hispanic Black	1.09 (0.94–1.27)	0.24
Non-Hispanic Asian	0.98 (0.8–1.19)	0.82
Other Race	1.40 (1.09–1.80)	0.01
Education level
Less than 11th grade	Ref
High school graduate	0.85 (0.75–0.97)	0.01
College graduate or above	0.77 (0.68–0.86)	<0.001
Marital status
Married/living with partner	Ref
Widowed/divorced/separated	1.42 (1.27–1.58)	<0.001
Never married	1.38 (1.23–1.55)	<0.001
Family PIR
≤100%	Ref
>100%	0.80 (0.78–0.82)	<0.001
Smoking
No	Ref
Yes	1.56 (1.42–1.71)	<0.001
Drinking alcohol
No	Ref
Yes	1.23 (1.11–1.37)	<0.001

Abbreviation: PIR, poverty-to-income ratio.