Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies in this review.
| Author, Publication period | State/Area | Study design | Total participants | Target population | Age (in years) | Male gender (%) | Data collection method | Assessment tools | Cut-off | outcomes studied |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agarwal et al.19 September- 2020 |
Uttar-Pradesh | Cross-sectional | 89 | Type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients | Mean age: (19.61 ± 3.8), Range: 12-24 | 46 (51.69%) | Online survey | PSS-10 | PSS-10 score (14 & above) | Moderate stress and severe stress |
| Chakraborty et al.20 May- 2020 |
West Bengal | Cross-sectional | 507 | General population | Mean age: (33.9 ± 8.27), Range: 18-67 | 382 (75.35%) | Online survey | 38-item self-designed questionnaire | - | Depression and disturbed sleep-wake cycle. |
| Chatterjee et al.21 May- 2020 |
West Bengal | Cross-sectional | 152 | Doctors | Mean age: (42.05 ± 12.19) | 119 (78.29%) | Online survey | DASS-21 | - | Depression, anxiety & stress |
| Dabholkar et al.22 June- 2020 |
Maharashtra | Cross-sectional | 40 | COVID-19 infected health care professionals (HCPs) | – | 16 (40%) | Both interview and an online questionnaire form | Self-reported questionnaire | - | Several psychological parameters like anxiety, fear, anger, irritability and insomnia. |
| Das et al.23 October-2020 | Across India | Cross-sectional | 422 | Frontline doctors | Mean age: (27.61 ± 4.98) | 224 (53.08%) | online survey | PHQ-9, PSS-10 | PHQ-9 score >4, PSS-10 score >13 | Depression & stress |
| Ghosh et al.24 May- 2020 |
Delhi | Cross-sectional | 150 | Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients | – | 93 (62%) | Telephonic interview | Self-reported questionnaire | - | Mental stress and sleep disturbances. |
| Gupta et al.3 July- 2020 | Across India | Cross-sectional | 1124 | Health care workers (HCWs) | – | 718 (63.88%) | Online survey | HADS Scale | HADS score 8 & above | Depression & anxiety |
| Khanna et al.25 June- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 2355 | Ophthalmologists | Mean age: (42.5 ± 12.05), Range: 25-82 | 1332 (56.56%) | Online survey | PHQ-9 | - | Depression |
| Mishra et al.26 June- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 716 | Ophthalmology trainees | Mean age: (29.1 ± 3.14), Range: 23-45 | 275 (38.41%) | Online survey | self-reported questionnaire | - | Stress |
| Muruganandam et al.27 June- 2020 | South India | Cross-sectional | 132 | patients diagnosed with severe mental illness [SMI] and their primary caregivers | Mean age: (33.9 ± 10.9), Range: 21-52 | 63 (47.73%) | Telephonic survey | 23- item questionnaire | - | Impaired sleep, suicidal ideas and taking substances or illegal drugs. |
| Pandey et al.28 September-2020 | Uttar-Pradesh | Cross-sectional | 83 | Final year medical students and Obstetrics and Gynaecology trainees | 80 (96.4%) were aged <30 years old | 36 (43.37%) | Online questionnaire form | GAD-7 and PHQ-9 | - | Depression & anxiety |
| Podder et al.29 July- 2020 |
Eastern India | Cross-sectional | 384 | Dermatologists and other physicians | Mean age: (31.9 ± 8.5) | 235 (61.20%) | Web-based survey (online) | PSS-10 | PSS-10 score ≥14 | Stress |
| Rehman et al.30 June- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 390 | 139 students, 51 teachers, 31 researchers, 34 mental health professionals, 33 health professionals (Doctors and Nurses), 35 in a corporate job, 80 were others. | Mean age: 28.95 | 108 (27.69%) | Online survey | DASS-21 | Depression >9, Anxiety >7, Stress >14 | Depression, anxiety & stress |
| Roy et al.31 June- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 662 | General population | Mean age: (29.09 ± 8.83) | 322 (48.64%) | Online survey | Self-reported questionnaire | - | Sleep difficulties, paranoia and distress. |
| Sahu et al.32 May- 2020 | Across India | Cross-sectional | 611 | Orthopaedic surgeons | – | 611 (100%) | Online anonymous survey | Validated questionnaire using face validation and content validation techniques of Lawshe criterion | - | Stress |
| Sharma AJ et al.33 September- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional study | 282 | Indian citizen | – | 175 (62.06%) | Online survey | GAD-7 & CESD-D scale | - | Depression & anxiety |
| Sharma N et al.34 October-2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 537 | Women professionals | Mean age: 32.78 | – | Online questionnaire form | 36-item questionnaire | - | Mental health affected |
| Suryakumari et al.35 September- 2020 | Telangana | Cross-sectional | 307 | Dental Practitioners | Age range: 20-60 | 145 (47.23%) | Online questionnaire form | A questionnaire by Ahmed MA et al. | Mean fear score was calculated and taken as a cut off value. | Fear and anxiety. |
| Suryavanshi et al.36 September- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 197 | Healthcare professionals | – | 96 (48.73%) | Online questionnaire form | PHQ-9, GAD-7 | Presence of any depressive symptoms PHQ-9 (≥5), Anxiety symptoms GAD-7 (≥5). | Depression, anxiety and QoL. |
| Upadhyaya et al.37 July- 2020 |
Delhi | Cross-sectional | 138 | PG students in orthopaedics | – | 138 (100%) | Online survey | Self-reported questionnaire | - | Stress |
| Venugopal et al.38 August- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 453 | General population | Mean age: 36.52 | 225 (49.67%) | Online survey | GHQ-28 | GHQ cut-off of 23 (≤23: without a mental disorder) | Psychological distress |
| Verma et al.39 June- 2020 |
Across India | Cross-sectional | 354 | General population | – | 183 (51.70%) | Online survey | DASS-21 | >14 for depression, >10 for anxiety and >19 for stress. | Depression, anxiety & stress |
GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire- 7 items, PSS-10: Perceived Stress Scale-10 items, PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 items, CES-D: Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, GHQ-28: General Health Questionnaire-28 items, HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, DASS-21: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 21 items.