Table 5.
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of baseline characteristics in patients with light chain amyloidosis calculated for the endpoint of cardiac death or heart failure hospitalization
| Univariable HR (95%CI) | p-value | Multivariable HR (95%CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables | ||||
| Age, years | 0.999 (0.997–1.001) | 0.270 | ||
| Male sex | 0.465 (0.214–1.013) | 0.054 | ||
| BMI, kg/cm2 | 0.986 (0.933–1.043) | 0.628 | ||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 0.995 (0.973–1.017) | 0.630 | ||
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 0.997 (0.972–1.022) | 0.815 | ||
| Heart rate, bpm | 1.005 (0.983–1.029) | 0.651 | ||
| NYHA class | 4.367 (2.186–8.723) | < 0.001 | 2.628 (1.613–4.282) | < 0.001 |
| Pleural effusion | 5.604 (2.334–13.456) | < 0.001 | 0.810 (0.356–1.845) | 0.616 |
| Pericardial effusion | 0.970 (0.432–2.180) | 0.942 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.235 (0.462–3.301) | 0.674 | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.685 (0.294–1.596) | 0.380 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 1.619 (0.551–4.756) | 0.381 | ||
| Intracardiac device | 1.544 (0.530–4.494) | 0.426 | ||
| Echocardiography parameters | ||||
| LA length*, mm | 0.990 (0.951–1.030) | 0.609 | ||
| RA length*, mm | 1.004 (0.963–1.047) | 0.854 | ||
| LVEDD*, mm | 0.887 (0.838–0.939) | < 0.001 | 0.988 (0.911–1.071) | 0.767 |
| LVEF, % | 1.010 (0.976–1.046) | 0.556 | ||
| LV-GLS, -% | 1.113 (1.020–1.215) | 0.017 | 1.133 (1.018–1.261) | 0.022 |
| IVS, mm | 1.115 (1.024–1.214) | 0.013 | 1.071 (0.943–1.215) | 0.291 |
| RVEDD*, mm | 0.965 (0.880–1.057) | 0.441 | ||
| RV-TDI, m/s | 0.528 (0.301–0.927) | 0.026 | 0.659 (0.328–1.326) | 0.243 |
| TAPSE, mm | 0.947 (0.864–1.039) | 0.248 | ||
| RV-GLS, -% | 1.080 (0.988–1.182) | 0.091 | ||
| TR velocity, m/s | 1.232 (0.608–2.500) | 0.563 | ||
| sPAP, mmHg | 1.011 (0.983–1.040) | 0.428 | ||
| IVC, mm | 0.958 (0.877–1.046) | 0.335 | ||
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| NT-pro BNP**pg/mL | 4.959 (2.023–12.158) | 0.005 | 7.212 (2.248–23.136) | 0.001 |
| Troponin T**ng/L | 4.282 (1.667–11.003) | 0.003 | 2.916 (0.779–10.906) | 0.112 |
| Hemoglobin, mg/dL | 0.996 (0.833–1.192) | 0.968 | ||
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.866 (0.690–1.086) | 0.213 | ||
| eGFR, mL/min | 0.992 (0.978–1.005) | 0.241 | ||
| ASAT, U/L | 1.008 (0.997–1.020) | 0.154 | ||
| ALAT, U/L | 1.010 (0.997–1.022) | 0.139 | ||
| Albumin, g/L | 0.968 (0.930–1.008) | 0.113 | ||
| GGT, U/L | 1.001 (1.000–1.002) | 0.172 | ||
| LDH, U/L | 1.003 (1.000–1.006) | 0.080 | ||
| CRP, mg/dL | 1.033 (0.898–1.187) | 0.653 | ||
BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, bpm, beats per minute, NYHA New York Heart Association, CAD coronary artery disease, PM pace maker, ICD intracardiac defibrillator, AT II, angiotensin II, ACE angiotensin converting enzyme, LA left atrium, RA right atrium, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, IVS intraventricular septum, RVEDD right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, RV-TDI right ventricular tissue Doppler index, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV-GLS right ventricular global longitudinal strain, TR tricuspid regurgitation, sPAP systolic pulmonary artery pressure, IVC inferior vena cava, NT-pro BNP N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ASAT aspartate aminotransferase, ALAT alanine aminotransferase, GGT gamma glutamyltransferase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CRP C-reactive protein
*Indexed to body surface area
**Log values were used for analysis