Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of the study subjects.
| Characteristics | Controls (n = 653) | Cases (n = 575) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 60 (53, 67) | 62 (54, 70) | 0.001 |
| Males, % | 60.8 | 66.4 | 0.041 |
| Smokers, % | 32.0 | 37.6 | 0.041 |
| Hypertension, % | 51.6 | 78.1 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.31 (23.40, 27.70) | 25.78 (24.00, 28.39) | 0.003 |
| Duration of diabetes, years | 14 (10, 18) | 15 (9, 21) | 0.208 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.15 (3.50, 4.88) | 4.19 (3.43, 5.03) | 0.715 |
| HbA1C, mmol/L | 7.85 (6.80, 9.20) | 7.80 (6.70, 9.30) | 0.984 |
| HCY, μmol/L | 11.10 (9.41, 13.26) | 13.37 (10.74, 16.81) | <0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.45 (1.03, 2.18) | 1.65 (1.13, 2.44) | <0.001 |
| HDLC, mmol/L | 0.99 (0.83, 1.20) | 0.97 (0.79, 1.19) | 1.578 |
| LDLC, mmol/L | 2.44 (1.93, 3.06) | 2.39 (1.83, 3.08) | 1.768 |
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; HbA1C, hemoglobin A1c; HCY, homocysteine; TG, triglyceride; HDLC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDLC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) or percentage, when appropriate. P was calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous data and the χ2-test for categorical data.