Table 1.
Descriptive statistics by common primary malignancies and bivariable analysis by cancer (N = 30,195,722).
| Variables | Sample | Cancer* | Breast* | Lung* | Colon* | Prostate* | Hematological* | Skin* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 30,195,722 | No (n = 25,535,129) | Yes (n = 4,660,593) | n = 751,105 | n = 566,434 | n = 442,755 | n = 637,100 | n = 660,260 | n = 500,445 | |
| Demographics, no. (%) | |||||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 57.51 (20.33) | 55.46 (0.01) | 68.70 (0.01) | 70.33 (13.76) | 69.77 (10.84) | 71.59 (13.62) | 75.28 (0.03) | 65.97 (0.4) | 73.43 (12.60) |
| Female | 17,558,812 (58.15) | 15,203,616 (59.54) | 2,353,133 (50.49) | 743,068 (98.93) | 279,875 (49.41) | 218,987 (49.46) | 0 (0.00) | 294,212 (44.56) | 217,143 (43.39) |
| Race | |||||||||
| All groups | |||||||||
| White | 20,469,680 (67.79) | 16,909,362 (66.22) | 3,560,693 (76.40) | 571,290 (76.06) | 449,012 (79.27) | 332,863 (75.18) | 478,207 (75.06) | 490,045 (74.22) | 475,273 (94.97) |
| Black | 4,568,613 (15.13) | 16,909,362 (15.80) | 535,968 (11.50) | 97,118 (12.93) | 66,726 (11.78) | 55,344 (12.50) | 96,521 (15.15) | 75,864 (11.49) | 4,704 (0.94) |
| Hispanic | 3,273,216 (10.84) | 2,949,307 (11.55) | 322,047 (6.91) | 46,644 (6.21) | 24,413 (4.31) | 31,878 (7.20) | 36,824 (5.78) | 54,736 (8.29) | 11,010 (2.20) |
| Asian | 812,265 (2.69) | 704,770 (2.76) | 108,592 (2.33) | 16,524 (2.20) | 12,971 (2.29) | 10715 (2.42) | 10,002 (1.57) | 16,176 (2.45) | 1,702 (0.34) |
| Native American | 187,213 (0.62) | 168,532 (0.66) | 17,244 (0.37) | 2,554 (0.34) | 1,926 (0.34) | 1,727 (0.39) | 1,529 (0.24) | 2,311 (0.35) | 751 (0.15) |
| Other | 884,735 (2.93) | 768,607 (3.01) | 115,583 (2.48) | 16,975 (2.26) | 11,329 (2.00) | 10,183 (2.30) | 14016 (2.20) | 21,194 (3.21) | 7,006 (1.40) |
| Insurance | |||||||||
| All groups | |||||||||
| Commercial | 8,343,078 (27.63) | 7,292,833 (28.56) | 1,051,430 (22.56) | 161,112 (21.45) | 101,958 (18.00) | 84,743 (19.14) | 103,465 (16.24) | 170,149 (25.77) | 92,532 (18.49) |
| Medicare | 14,167,833 (46.92) | 11,123,102 (43.56) | 3,043,367 (65.30) | 518,788 (69.07) | 392,142 (69.23) | 312,231 (70.52) | 497639 (78.11) | 403,353 (61.09) | 379,187 (75.77) |
| Medicaid | 5,622,443 (18.62) | 5,232,148 (20.49) | 392,888 (8.43) | 52,577 (7.00) | 50,186 (8.86) | 30,727 (6.94) | 17,329 (2.72) | 60,216 (9.12) | 15,764 (3.15) |
| VA | 887,754 (2.94) | 789,035 (3.09) | 102,067 (2.19) | 11,342 (1.51) | 14,161 (2.50) | 8,545 (1.93) | 13,889 (2.18) | 15,252 (2.31) | 8,808 (1.76) |
| None | 1,171,594 (3.88) | 1,100,564 (4.31) | 70,375 (1.51) | 7,286 (0.97) | 7,873 (1.39) | 6,508 (1.47) | 4,715 (0.74) | 11,356 (1.72) | 4,154 (0.83) |
| Medical history | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 5,703,972 (18.89) | 4,739,320 (18.56) | 964,277 (20.69) | 153,826 (20.48) | 106,603 (18.82) | 100,505 (22.70) | 144,494 (22.68) | 126,968 (19.23) | 98,137 (19.61) |
| Hypertension | 16,405,336 (54.33) | 13,347,212 (52.27) | 3,055,951 (65.57) | 506,846 (67.48) | 369,768 (65.28) | 302,933 (68.42) | 478,781 (75.15) | 394,703 (59.78) | 364,024 (72.74) |
| PVD | 1,105,163 (3.66) | 947,353 (3.71) | 218,582 (4.69) | 26,814 (3.57) | 40,160 (7.09) | 21,252 (4.80) | 38,417 (6.03) | 24,033 (3.64) | 30,677 (6.13) |
| HLD | 9508632.8578 (31.49) | 7,673,306 (30.05) | 1,834,875 (39.37) | 302,620 (40.29) | 227,140 (40.10) | 172,896 (39.05) | 320,334 (50.28) | 224,026 (33.93) | 253,575 (50.67) |
| Smoking | 673,365 (2.23) | 620,504 (2.43) | 51,267 (1.10) | 5,483 (0.73) | 10,252 (1.81) | 4,073 (0.92) | 5,798 (0.91) | 5,810 (0.88) | 3,853 (0.77) |
| Obesity | 4,399,517 (14.57) | 3,878,786 (15.19) | 520,588 (11.17) | 98,921 (13.17) | 41,973 (7.41) | 48,216 (10.89) | 58,868 (9.24) | 62,989 (9.54) | 60,254 (12.04) |
| Poor diet | 27,176 (0.09) | 56,177 (0.22) | 6,059 (0.13) | 1,052 (0.14) | 623 (0.11) | 531 (0.12) | 956 (0.15) | 858 (0.13) | 751 (0.15) |
| CVA/TIA | 1,295,396 (4.29) | 1,090,350 (4.27) | 195,745 (4.42) | 35,602 (4.74) | 26,226 (4.63) | 17,267 (3.90) | 36,315 (5.70) | 23,571 (3.57) | 32,929 (6.58) |
| CHF | 1,669,823 (5.53) | 1,371,236 (5.37) | 298,278 (6.40) | 49,798 (6.63) | 38,744 (6.84) | 30,417 (6.87) | 49,120 (7.71) | 46,812 (7.09) | 37,684 (7.53) |
| HFrEF | 766,971 (2.54) | 633,271 (2.48) | 132,827 (2.85) | 18,102 (2.41) | 17,050 (3.01) | 13,548 (3.06) | 25,611 (4.02) | 21,591 (3.27) | 16,365 (3.27) |
| Cardiac arrest | 238,546 (0.79) | 201,728 (0.79) | 37,285 (0.80) | 4,732 (0.63) | 6,401 (1.13) | 3,365 (0.76) | 5,033 (0.79) | 6,140 (0.93) | 3,153 (0.63) |
| N = 30,195,722 | No (n = 25,535,129) | Yes (n = 4,660,593) | n = 751,105 | n = 566,434 | n = 442,755 | n = 637,100 | n = 660,260 | n = 500,445 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 1,008,537 (3.34) | 893,730 (3.50) | 135,157 (2.90) | 20,881 (2.78) | 16,710 (2.95) | 12,973 (2.93) | 26,503 (4.16) | 17,629 (2.67) | 18,116 (3.62) |
| STEMI | 226,468 (0.75) | 204,281 (0.80) | 22,837 (0.49) | 3,455 (0.46) | 2,832 (0.50) | 2,125 (0.48) | 4,778 (0.75) | 2,839 (0.43) | 2,903 (0.58) |
| UA/NSTEMI | 806,226 (2.67) | 692,002 (2.71) | 112,786 (2.42) | 17,501 (2.33) | 13,934 (2.46) | 10,892 (2.46) | 21,789 (3.42) | 14,922 (2.26) | 15,214 (3.04) |
| Cardiogenic shock | 135,881 (0.45) | 120,015 (0.47) | 16,778 (0.36) | 2,479 (0.33) | 2,266 (0.40) | 1,461 (0.33) | 2,931 (0.46) | 3,301 (0.50) | 1,802 (0.36) |
| Valvular disease | 1,603,393 (5.31) | 1,297,184 (5.08) | 307,599 (6.60) | 60,689 (8.08) | 29,228 (5.16) | 30,107 (6.80) | 53,771 (8.44) | 45,756 (6.93) | 50,195 (10.03) |
| Anemia | 6,147,849 (20.36) | 4,716,338 (18.47) | 1,431,734 (30.72) | 191,832 (25.54) | 176,048 (31.08) | 146,685 (33.13) | 173,355 (27.21) | 306,559 (46.43) | 115,252 (23.03) |
| COPD | 4,924,922 (16.31) | 3,919,642 (15.35) | 1,006,222 (21.59) | 137,753 (18.34) | 306,611 (54.13) | 80,404 (18.16) | 122,705 (19.26) | 106,566 (16.14) | 101,290 (20.24) |
| Coagulation disorder | 1,890,252 (6.26) | 1,452,949 (5.69) | 438,562 (9.41) | 51,376 (6.84) | 47,977 (8.47) | 32,410 (7.32) | 52,370 (8.22) | 119,837 (18.15) | 39,936 (7.98) |
| CKD 3-5 | 3,427,214 (11.35) | 2,801,204 (10.97) | 625,452 (13.42) | 84,875 (11.30) | 54,887 (9.69) | 62,960 (14.22) | 114,423 (17.96) | 99,699 (15.10) | 76,818 (15.35) |
| ESRD | 1,081,007 (3.58) | 947,353 (3.71) | 134,691 (2.89) | 16,825 (2.24) | 9,176 (1.62) | 12,397 (2.80) | 20,897 (3.28) | 24,430 (3.70) | 12,161 (2.43) |
SD, standard deviation; VA, Veteran Affairs; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; HLD, hyperlipidemia; CVA, cerebrovascular disease; TIA, transient ischemia attack; CHF, congestive heart failure; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; STEMI, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; UA, unstable angina; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESRD, end stage renal disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft.
*
p < 0.05.