Table 4.

Linear regression analysis for predictors of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9).

	Total Sample (n = 3,379)
Variable	Unstandardized B	SE B	Standardized B	95% Confidence Interval (CI)	t	p
Marital statusa	−0.277	0.143	−0.025	−0.004,0.557	−1.933	0.053
Residential statusb	−0.044	0.167	−0.003	−0.371,0.283	−0.265	0.791
Being parent	−0.754	0.291	−0.032	−0.183, −1.325	−2.591	0.010
Direct contactd
0 times a week	0.048	0.200	0.004	0.440, −0.343	−0.242	0.809
1–2 times a week	−0.267	0.203	−0.024	−0.665,0.189	−1.315	0.189
Indirect contacte
0 times a week	0.175	0.589	0.004	−0.980, 1.329	0.296	0.767
1–2 times a week	−0.507	0.181	−0.034	−0.861. −0.153	−2.805	0.005
Perceived stress	0.826	0.026	0.026	0.776,0.877	31.849	<0.001
Loneliness	0.569	0.036	0.036	0.497,0.640	15.600	<0.001
Social support	−0.141	0.021	−0.096	−0.183, −0.100	−6.713	<0.001
Self-efficacy	−0.118	0.017	−0.096	−0.152, −0.084	−6.854	<0.001
R2 (R2 adjusted)	0.523 (0.521)
F	335.363
P	<0.001

^aMarital status dichotomised into “single” and “in a relationship.”

^bResidential status dichotomised into “alone” and “not alone.”

^cBeing parent dichotomised into “being parent” and “not being parent.”

^dDirect contact with the categories 0, 1–2 and ≥3 times a week.

^eIndirect contact with the categories 0, 1–2 and ≥3 times a week.

Bold font indicates statistical significance, p < .05.