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. 2021 Apr 6;9:617589. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617589

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Li, Xie and Ma.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC)–derived exosomes inhibited inflammatory response related to acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in vitro and in vivo. (A) Levels of inflammatory cytokines in culture supernatants produced by PHA/rhIL-2-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with or without hBMSC-derived exosomes. (B) Levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum samples in aGVHD mice that did or did not receive hBMSC-derived exosomes on day 5 and day 10 after transplantation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. IL-2, interleukin-2; INF-γ, interferon-γ; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. N = 3–8 in each group. Data were representative of at least two independent experiments.