Fig. 3. Modulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by the Schengen-pathway.

a Heatmap of the 3564 differentially expressed genes identified in the RNA-seq in root tips of wild-type (WT), sgn3-3, esb1-1, myb36-2, esb1-1 sgn3-3, sgn3-3 myb36-2 plants. Treatment with 100 nM CIF2 was applied as indicated (+CIF2) for WT and sgn3-3 plants. Clusters (C) are designated with numbers (n = 7). Genes belonging to each cluster are listed in Supplementary Data 1. b Phenylpropanoid pathway leading to the lignin monomers and scopoletin biosynthesis (adapted from⁷²). Solid arrows represent enzymatic steps. Gene expression from the genes selected in Supplementary Fig. 3d was mapped on the pathway according to their KEGG enzyme nomenclature. Only the genes with a demonstrated function in lignin biosynthesis as listed in Supplementary Fig. 3d were mapped. PAL PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE, C4H CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE, 4CL 4-COUMARATE:CoA LIGASE, HCT p-HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-CoA:QUINATE/SHIKIMATE p-HYDROXYCINNAMOYLTRANSFERASE, C′3H p-COUMARATE 3′-HYDROXYLASE, C3H COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE, CSE CAFFEOYL SHIKIMATE ESTERASE, CCoAOMT CAFFEOYL-CoA O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, CCR CINNAMOYL-CoA REDUCTASE, F5H FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE, COMT CAFFEIC ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, CAD CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE, HCALDH HYDROXYCINNAMALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE, COSY COUMARIN SYNTHASE, F6′H1 FERULOYL COA ORTHO-HYDROXYLASE 1.