Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 5;23(4):e19439. doi: 10.2196/19439

Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of study participants.

 Characteristic Treatment group (n=60) Information group (n=63)
General information

Age in years, mean (SD) 58.9 (9.2) 57.7 (9.9)

BMI in kg/m2, mean (SD) 26.5 (3.6) 25.9 (5.2)

University education ≥3 years, n (%) 44 (73.3) 35 (55.6)

Self-rated knowledge in using computers or tablets (1-4 pointsa), mean (SD) 3.5 (0.6) 3.4 (0.6)

eHEALSb score, mean (SD) 32.9 (5.6) 33.8 (4.5)
Lifestyle

Physical activity >3 hours/week, n (%) 33 (55.0) 40 (63.5)

Smokerc, n (%) 1 (1.7) 2 (3.2)

Coffee consumption ≥5 cups/day, n (%) 7 (11.7) 10 (15.9)

Tea consumption ≥5 cups/day, n (%) 4 (6.7) 2 (3.2)

Often or always constipated, n (%) 6 (10) 3 (4.8)
Gynecology

Parity, n (%)

  0 8 (13.3) 7 (11.1)

  1 4 (6.7) 7 (11.1)

  ≥2 48 (80) 49 (77.8)

Postmenopausal >1 year, n (%) 42 (70) 47 (74.6)

Current estrogen usage, n (%)

  Local estrogen 11 (18.3) 13 (20.6)

  Systemic estrogen 1 (1.7) 1 (1.6)

Gynecological surgery, n (%)

  Hysterectomy 4 (6.7) 7 (11.1)

  Prolapse surgery 3 (5) 0 (0)

  Incontinence surgeryd 3 (5) 3 (4.8)
Urinary incontinence

Symptom diagnosis, n (%)

  Mixed urinary incontinence 45 (75) 43 (68.3)

  Urgency urinary incontinence 15 (25) 20 (31.7)

Duration of symptoms >5 years, n (%) 37 (61.7) 38 (60.3)

Previous health care contact for incontinence symptoms, n (%) 19 (31.7) 19 (30.2)

ICIQ-UI SFe score, mean (SD) 11.7 (3.5) 11.4 (3.2)

IEFf per week, mean (SD)g 21.8 (16.8) 21.1 (13.7)

aA higher score indicates higher self-perceived knowledge.

beHEALS: eHealth Literacy Scale, a self-reported 8-item scale assessing an individual’s ability to identify, evaluate, and use eHealth resources.

cNo daily smokers, only weekly smokers, participated in the study.

dParticipants who had undergone incontinence surgery in the last 5 years were not included in the study.

eICIQ-UI SF: International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire−Urinary Incontinence Short Form.

fIEF: incontinence episode frequency.

gMean (SD) values presented to facilitate comparison with other populations.