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Charge reduction of AmtB by piperazine and amine derivatives thereof. (A–C) Representative mass spectra of AmtB in C8E4 doped with 100 mM of (A) piperazine, (B) AEP, and (C) APP. Structures of molecules are shown in the inset. (D) Plot of Zavg (dots) as a function of concentration of charge-reducing molecules and regression of a modified Hill equation (solid lines).
