Table 3.
Indirect effects of the social factors on health behaviors through health beliefs
| Indirect effects [95% CI] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fear | Serious | Knowledge | |
| Republican Modified behaviors | − 0.040* [− 0.058, − 0.023] | − 0.004 [− 0.012, 0.003] | 0.001 [− 0.004, 0.007] |
| Republican Preparations | − 0.057* [− 0.081, − 0.034] | 0.000 [− 0.003, 0.003] | 0.000 [− 0.002, 0.002] |
| Republican Handwashing | − 0.014* [− 0.026, − 0.005] | 0.003 [− 0.011, 0.003] | 0.001 [− 0.004, 0.008] |
| Independent Modified behaviors | − 0.032* [− 0.050, − 0.016] | − 0.005 [− 0.014, 0.002] | 0.001 [− 0.005, 0.007] |
| Independent Preparations | − 0.045* [− 0.069, − 0.023] | 0.000 [− 0.003, 0.003] | 0.000 [− 0.002, 0.002] |
| Independent Handwashing | − 0.012* [− 0.022, − 0.004] | − 0.005 [− 0.013, 0.001] | 0.001 [− 0.005, 0.008] |
| Xenophobia Modified behaviors | 0.044* [0.027, 0.064] | − 0.012* [− 0.022, − 0.004] | − 0.015* [− 0.027, − 0.005] |
| Xenophobia Preparations | 0.063* [0.040, 0.088] | 0.000 [− 0.006, 0.007] | 0.001 [− 0.009, 0.011] |
| Xenophobia Handwashing | 0.016* [0.006, 0.029] | − 0.011* [− 0.021, − 0.003] | − 0.016* [− 0.029, − 0.006] |
| Religious Modified behaviors | 0.024* [0.008, 0.041] | 0.013* [0.004, 0.023] | − 0.010* [− 0.020, − 0.003] |
| Religious Preparations | 0.033* [0.012, 0.057] | 0.000 [− 0.007, 0.006] | 0.001 [− 0.006, 0.008] |
| Religious Handwashing | 0.008* [0.002, 0.018] | 0.012* [0.004, 0.022] | − 0.012* [− 0.022, − 0.004] |
| Trust in media Modified behaviors | 0.050* [0.032, 0.070] | 0.016* [0.007, 0.028] | − 0.004 [− 0.012, 0.001] |
| Trust in media Preparations | 0.071* [0.048, 0.097] | 0.000 [− 0.009, 0.008] | 0.000 [− 0.003, 0.004] |
| Trust in media Handwashing | 0.018* [0.006, 0.032] | 0.015* [0.006, 0.027] | − 0.005 [− 0.013, 0.001] |
| Trust in science Modified behaviors | 0.026* [0.011, 0.043] | 0.016* [0.007, 0.028] | 0.015* [0.005, 0.027] |
| Trust in science Preparations | 0.038* [0.016, 0.060] | 0.000 [− 0.009, 0.008] | − 0.001 [− 0.011, 0.009] |
| Trust in science Handwashing | 0.010* [0.003, 0.019] | 0.015* [0.006, 0.026] | 0.017* [0.007, 0.029] |
| Death rate Modified behaviors | 0.008 [− 0.007, 0.024] | 0.001 [− 0.006, 0.009] | − 0.005 [− 0.012, 0.000] |
| Death rate Preparations | 0.011 [− 0.010, 0.033] | 0.000 [− 0.002, 0.002] | 0.000 [− 0.003, 0.004] |
| Death rate Handwashing | 0.003 [− 0.003, 0.010] | 0.001 [− 0.006, 0.008] | − 0.005 [− 0.013, 0.001] |
(a) *p < 0.05; (b) 95% confidence intervals appear in parentheses; (c) confidence intervals around the indirect effects were calculated using a bootstrapping technique with 20,000 iterations