Table 1.

Mean maximum normalized displacement measured by Digital Opto-Electronic Holography (Standard Deviation).

Scaffold (circumferential × radial)	Frequency tested
	400 Hz		1000 Hz		3000 Hz		6000 Hz
	8 × 8	16 × 16	8 × 8	16 × 16	8 × 8	16 × 16	8 × 8	16 × 16
PDMS (n = 3)	1.88 (0.41)	1.30 (0.09)	0.44 (0.03)	0.37 (0.13)	0.14 (0.06)	0.11 (0.01)	0.010 (0.005)	0.009 (0.002)
PLA (n = 3)	5.66 (1.83)	6.40 (1.7)	1.25 (0.41)	1.64 (0.78)	0.27 (0.05)	0.40 (0.05)	0.033 (0.011)	0.060 (0.002)
PCL (n = 3)	4.05 (1.47)	4.08 (1.78)	1.41 (0.53)	3.11 (3.13)	0.41 (0.07)	0.38 (0.04)	0.03 (0.007)	0.130 (0.110)
Temporalis Fascia (n = 3)	4.63 (3.37)		0.78 (0.49)		0.15 (0.16)		0.037 (0.039)
Human TM (n = 3)	0.94 (0.60)		1.12 (0.91)		**0.09 (0.09)		0.082 (0.032)

^*The units of normalized displacement are μm/Pa.

^**4000 Hz was used for human TM because 3000 Hz is associated with a narrow-band stimulus artifact.

Note: Statistically significant inverse correlation between frequency and maximum displacement: 8 × 8 PDMS (p < 0.0001), 8 × 8 PLA (p < 0.0001), 8 × 8 PCL (p < 0.0001); 16 × 16 PDMS (p < 0.0001), 16 × 16 PLA (p < 0.0001), 16 × 16 CL (p < 0.0003); fascia (p < 0.0001) and human TM (p < 0.0045).