Figure 2. Neutrophil Impact on ALS Survival in Male and Female Participants.

Estimated survival curves using 2 separate models for analysis. (A) In model 1, survival curves were adjusted for age, sex, onset segment, El Escorial criteria at diagnosis, and time between symptom onset and diagnosis. Study ALS participants were categorized into 3 neutrophil groups (<2, 2–4, and >4 × 10⁶ neutrophils/mL of blood). Survival curves were generated by creating a pseudopopulation with identical population characteristics as the study participants for each neutrophil group and calculating their expected survival based on model 1 (table 3). Dashed lines indicate the median survival for each neutrophil group. (B) In model 2, female and male survival curves were displayed separately after adjusting for age, onset segment, El Escorial criteria at diagnosis, and time between symptom onset and diagnosis were estimated from the interaction model. Male and female data sets were categorized into 3 neutrophil groups per sex (<2, 2–4, and >4 × 10⁶ neutrophils/mL of blood). Survival curves were generated by creating a pseudopopulation with identical population characteristics as the study participants for each neutrophil and sex group and calculating their expected survival based on model 2 (table 4). Dashed lines indicate the median survival for each neutrophil and sex group. ALS = amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.