Table 2.

Completion of Common Metrics and performance improvement activities (N = 59 hubs^*)

Mean (SD), range			By metric
	Overall sum			Actual
	Possible	Actual	Possible	Careers	IRB	Pilot	P-value
All activities	30	23.7 (6.6) 8–30	10	8.09 (2.6) 2.5–10	7.4 (2.9) 2–10	8.1 (2.5) 1–10	0.44
Clusters of activities**
Creating metric result	6	5.9 (0.3) 4–6	2	2.0 (0.0) -	1.9 (0.3) 0–2	1.9 (0.1) 1–2	0.15
Understanding current performance	6	5.5 (0.8) 3–6	2	1.8 (0.4) 0.5–2	1.8 (0.4) 1–2	1.8 (0.4) 0–2	0.96
Developing improvement plan	9	6.4 (3.1) 0–9	3	2.3 (1.2) 0–3	1.9 (1.4) 0–3	2.3 (1.2) 0–3	0.05
Implementing improvement plan	6	4.1 (2.1) 0–6	2	1.4 (0.9) 0–2	1.2 (0.9) 0–2	1.4 (0.8) 0–2	0.17
Documenting metric result and plan fully	3	1.8 (1.2) 0–3	1	0.6 (0.5) 0–1	0.5 (0.5) 0–1	0.6 (0.5) 0–1	0.21

SD = Standard Deviation.

^*One hub did not respond.

^**Composition of clusters: (1) creating metric result entails data collection and computing metric according to operational guideline; (2) understanding metric result entails forecasting future performance or comparing results to any other data, and specifying underlying reasons with stakeholders; (3) developing improvement plan entails involving stakeholders, specifying actions, and prioritizing actions based on effectiveness or feasibility; (4) implementing the improvement plan entails reaching out to partners for help and starting implementation activities; (5) documenting includes entering metric result, describing underlying reasons, identifying partners, potential actions, and planned actions.