Table 5.

Results of two-part model analysis, predicted expenditures and incremental costs of psychiatric and non-psychiatric care (US$) with bootstrapped 95% CI (N = 2707)

	Psychiatric care					Non-psychiatric care
	Logit	GLM	Predicted $	IC $	% Diff	Logit	GLM	Predicted $	IC $	% Diff
	OR (s.e.)	β (s.e.)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)		OR (s.e.)	β (s.e.)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)
Severity level (ref.: non-depressed)			77					2011
			(74–81)					(1958–2065)
Mild	1.78**	0.02	127	50*	74	1.46***	0.94***	5502	3491***	176
	(0.34)	(0.17)	(122–132)	(6–94)		(0.17)	(0.15)	(5360–5645)	(2219–4764)
Moderate	4.09***	0.27	321	235***	368	1.48*	0.51**	3570	1558**	79
	(0.93)	(0.18)	(303–321)	(104–365)		(0.25)	(0.16)	(3477–3662)	(598–2518)
Moderately severe	5.08***	0.07	299	221**	359	3.43**	1.21***	7855	5844*	298
	(1.60)	(0.20)	(291–307)	(65–377)		(1.31)	(0.34)	(7658–8052)	(554–11 135)
Control variables
Female	0.84	0.30*				1.04	−1.00***
	(0.16)	(0.14)				(0.14)	(0.19)
Married	0.67*	0.08				0.96	−0.25
	(0.12)	(0.14)				(0.13)	(0.17)
Age	0.95***	0.00				1.04***	0.03***
	(0.01)	(0.01)				(0.01)	(0.01)
Years of education	1.02	0.01				1.02	−0.01
	(0.02)	(0.02)				(0.01)	(0.02)
Living alone	0.92	0.42*				0.91	−0.29
	(0.17)	(0.16)				(0.12)	(0.20)
Poverty status: Welfare recipients	1.33	0.26				1.16	0.12
	(0.23)	(0.16)				(0.15)	(0.16)
MoCA	1.02	−0.02				0.99	0.00
	(0.02)	(0.02)				(0.01)	(0.02)
Previous diagnosis of depression/anxiety	9.03***	−0.25*				0.94	0.14
	(1.63)	(0.13)				(0.18)	(0.18)
With more than four chronic diseases	0.85	−0.38**				2.37***	0.13
	(0.19)	(0.13)				(0.51)	(0.16)
Constant	1.22	7.01***				0.27	6.22***
	(1.48)	(0.79)				(0.21)	(0.90)

Notes: MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; OR, odds ratio; s.e., standard error; β, coefficient; GLM, generalised linear model; IC, incremental cost; Diff, difference; CI, confidence interval; s.e. and CI in parentheses. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.