Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study participants (n = 984)
| Characteristic | n (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonsmokers (n = 492) |
Tobacco smokers alone (n = 166) |
E-cigarette users (n = 326) | Total n = 984 |
P-value* | |||
| Replaced tobacco with E-cig (n = 184) |
Dual users for E-cig+ tobacco (n = 52) |
E-cig users without tobacco smoking history (n = 90) |
|||||
| Gender | |||||||
| • Female | 378 (38.4) | 74 (7.5) | 18 (1.8) | 16 (1.6) | 37 (3.8) | 523 (53.1) | |
| • Male | 114 (11.6) | 92 (9.4) | 166 (16.9) | 36 (3.7) | 53 (5.4) | 461 (46.8) | <0.001 |
| Age | |||||||
| • 18–20 years | 43 (4.4) | 11 (1.12) | 10 (1.0) | 4 (0.4) | 17 (1.7) | 85 (8.6) | |
| • 21–25 years | 110 (11.2) | 24 (2.4) | 20 (2.0) | 7 (0.7) | 23 (2.3) | 184 (18.7) | <0.001 |
| • 26–35 years | 146 (14.8) | 56 (5.7) | 96 (9.8) | 27 (2.7) | 42 (4.3) | 367 (37.3) | |
| • 36–50 years | 136 (13.8) | 54 (5.5) | 51 (5.2) | 10 (1.0) | 8 (0.8) | 259 (26.3) | |
| • 51–65 years | 53 (5.4) | 19 (1.9) | 6 (0.6) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 81 (8.2) | |
| • <65 | 4 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (0.8) | |
| Educational level | |||||||
| • No schooling completed | 10 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| • Secondary school | 53 (5.4) | 14 (1.4) | 16 (1.6) | 7 (0.7) | 25 (2.5) | 115 (11.7) | |
| • Diploma | 25 (2.5) | 6 (0.6) | 12 (1.2) | 6 (0.6) | 9 (0.9) | 58 (5.9) | |
| • Vocational education | 3 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (0.7) | |
| • Bachelor’s degree | 317 (32.2) | 111 (11.3) | 114 (11.6) | 32 (3.3) | 56 (5.7) | 630 (64.0) | |
| • Postgraduate degree | 84 (8.5) | 32 (3.3) | 37 (3.8) | 5 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 158 (16.1) | |
| Work status | |||||||
| • Employed/Self-employed | 209 (21.2) | 97 (9.9) | 147 (14.9) | 35 (3.6) | 47 (4.8) | 535 (54.4) | |
| • A homemaker | 96 (9.8) | 23 (2.3) | 6 (0.6) | 4 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 130 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| • A student | 120 (12.2) | 30 (3.1) | 18 (1.8) | 6 (0.6) | 37 (3.8) | 211 (21.4) | |
| • Retired | 21 (2.1) | 4 (0.4) | 3 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 31 (3.2) | |
| • Others | 46 (4.7) | 12 (1.2) | 10 (1.0) | 4 (0.4) | 5 (0.5) | 77 (7.8) | |
| Marital status | |||||||
| • Single | 225 (22.9) | 66 (6.7) | 70 (7.1) | 24 (2.4) | 51 (5.2) | 436 (44.3) | |
| • Married | 252 (25.6) | 95 (9.7) | 109 (11.1) | 26 (2.6) | 35 (3.6) | 517 (52.5) | |
| • Divorced/Widowed | 15 (1.5) | 5 (0.5) | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | 4 (0.4) | 31 (3.2) | 0.018 |
| Current place of residence | |||||||
| • Amman | 420 (42.7) | 135 (13.7) | 147 (14.9) | 39 (4.0) | 70 (7.1) | 811 (82.4) | |
| • Central Jordan area | 41 (4.2) | 13 (1.3) | 24 (2.4) | 8 (0.8) | 12 (1.2) | 98 (10.0) | 0.125 |
| • Northern Jordan area | 26 (2.6) | 16 (1.6) | 12 (1.2) | 4 (0.4) | 8 (0.8) | 66 (6.7) | |
| • Southern Jordan area | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (0.9) | |
*
Chi-square test (P-value<0.05).