Table 5. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with CT or NG infection in women in Kigali, Rwanda (N = 579).

	CT infection								NG infection
	cPOR	95% CI		p-value	aPOR	95% CI		p-value	cPOR	95% CI		p-value	aPOR	95% CI		p-value
Demographics
Age (per year increase)	0.91	0.88	0.95	<0.0001	0.90	0.86	0.94	<0.0001	0.95	0.92	0.97	< .001	0.93	0.89	0.97	<0.001
Referrer
Radio Advert	ref								ref
Friends/Walk-in/Pharmacy/Contact Partner/Internet	1.74	1.11	2.72	0.015					1.31	0.91	1.90	0.150
Living and Marital Status
Married and Cohabiting	ref								ref
Other	1.78	1.13	2.80	0.012					1.46	1.00	2.13	0.048
Education Level
None/Primary	ref								2.09	1.44	3.04	0.000	2.13	1.30	3.48	0.003
Secondary/Higher	1.30	0.83	2.01	0.248					ref				ref
Employment Status
Full-time employment	ref								ref				ref
Part-time/Student/Jobless	1.23	0.77	1.96	0.383					1.76	1.16	2.66	0.008	1.95	1.12	3.39	0.019
Sexual behaviors
Number of partners in last 30 days
None or one partner	ref								ref
More than one partner	1.56	0.89	2.75	0.119					3.53	2.19	5.69	<0.0001
Condom use during vaginal sex in the last 3 months
No partners or always used condoms	1.17	0.46	2.97	0.741					0.48	0.15	1.5	0.207	0.74	0.22	2.41	0.611
Sometimes	1.49	0.92	2.42	0.107					2.75	1.81	4.18	<0.0001	1.79	1.07	2.98	0.025
Never	ref								ref				ref
Number of days since sexual contact you suspect STI was acquired from
0–8	1.20	0.53	2.69	0.666					1.66	0.87	3.16	0.126
9–16	1.96	1.1	3.49	0.022					2.29	1.36	3.87	0.002
> = 17	ref								ref
Number of children under 18 (per child increase)	0.82	0.69	0.99	0.037					0.96	0.84	1.10	0.594
Number of additional children desired (per child increase)	1.22	1.02	1.45	0.027					0.92	0.79	1.07	0.274
Family planning method and pregnancy composite
Pregnant	0.96	0.43	2.14	0.915					1.00	0.49	2.03	0.999	1.30	0.57	2.99	0.532
Hormonal method (implant, injectable, pills)	0.95	0.56	1.59	0.837					2.01	1.32	3.05	0.001	1.73	1.02	2.94	0.040
Non-Hormonal (IUD/Condom/Tubal Ligation/Natural Method) or No Method	ref								ref				ref
Self-reported symptoms
Vaginal discharge
Yes	ref								ref
No	1.26	0.73	2.18	0.408					1.10	0.68	1.78	0.692
Genital itching
Yes	ref								ref				ref
No	1.08	0.69	1.68	0.738					2.62	1.79	3.84	<0.0001	2.54	1.55	4.17	0.0002
Dysuria
Yes	ref								1.21	0.84	1.75	0.303
No	1.06	0.68	1.64	0.796					ref
Genital ulcer
Yes	ref								ref				ref
No	1.30	0.62	2.73	0.489					2.33	1.12	4.84	0.024	2.52	1.09	5.80	0.030
Number of days with symptoms
1–10	1.72	1.06	2.78	0.027	1.76	1.07	2.88	0.026	1.76	1.16	2.68	0.008	1.78	1.05	3.00	0.032
11 or more	ref				ref				ref				ref
Laboratory and physical exam
HIV Status
Positive	ref								2.73	1.66	4.47	<0.0001	2.05	1.10	3.83	0.024
Negative	1.83	0.85	3.96	0.124					ref				ref
RPR Result
Positive	1.37	0.66	2.88	0.401					2.58	1.41	4.7	0.002
Negative	ref								ref
Trichomonas
Positive	1.85	1.03	3.32	0.041					ref
Negative	ref								1.06	0.60	1.88	0.838
Candida
Positive	ref								ref				ref
Negative	1.98	1.04	3.77	0.038					3.56	1.89	6.69	<0.0001	2.20	1.11	4.36	0.024
Bacterial vaginosis
Positive	1.63	0.98	2.72	0.063					2.63	1.67	4.15	<0.0001	1.89	1.07	3.34	0.028
Negative	ref								ref				ref
Vaginal Inflammation OR Discharge
Yes	ref								ref
No	1.47	0.79	2.75	0.2201					1.67	0.97	2.86	0.063
Endocervical Inflammation or Discharge
Yes	1.83	1.15	2.91	0.010					2.17	1.46	3.23	0.000	1.80	1.11	2.93	0.018
No	ref								ref				ref
Genital Ulcer
Yes	1.19	0.56	2.56	0.649					ref
No	ref								1.06	0.53	2.10	0.875

IUD: intrauterine device; aPOR: Adjusted prevalence odds ratio; cPOR: Crude prevalence odds ratio; RPR: Rapid plasma reagin; CI: Confidence interval; STI: Sexually transmitted disease; NG: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, CT: Chlamydia trachomatis