Table 3. Multivariable logistic regression of risk factors and anaemia in pregnancy.

	Anaemia at 36 weeks
Variable	cOR	95% CI	P-value	aOR	95% CI	P-value
Age (years)
<25	1.00	Ref
25–29	0.68	0.51–0.92	0.01	0.89	0.58–1.37	0.6
30–34	0.57	0.41–0.79	0.001	0.69	0.43–1.11	0.13
≥35	0.64	0.43–0.95	0.03	0.76	0.44–1.31	0.33
Residence
Peri-urban	1.00	Ref
Rural	1.64	1.04–2.58	0.034	1.17	0.62–2.18	0.63
Urban	0.80	0.59–1.09	0.157	0.86	0.55–1.32	0.48
Education
No school	1.00	Ref
Primary	0.71	0.52–0.97	0.03	0.61	0.39–0.95	0.03
secondary	0.66	0.46–0.93	0.02	0.79	0.49–1.30	0.36
Tertiary	0.39	0.28–0.56	<0.001	0.40	0.25–0.67	<0.001
Religion
Islam	1.00	Ref
Christianity	0.58	0.39–083	0.003	1.00	0.55–1.86	0.98
Ethnicity
Dagomba	1.00	Ref
Others	1.03	0.77–1.23	0.51	0.69	0.43.1.11	0.13
Trimester at ANC registration
1st trimester	1.00	Ref
2nd trimester	1.50	1.17–1.91	0.001	0.97	0.68–1.37	0.86
3rd trimester	3.97	1.63–9.68	0.002	2.85	0.77–10.5	0.12
Reported IPTp-SP use
No SP	1.00	Ref		1.00
<3	0.74	0.52–1.06	0.098	1.03	0.63–1.69	0.91
≥3	0.44	0.31–0.62	<0.001	0.89	0.55–1.45	0.65
ITN use
No	1.00	Ref
Yes	0.94	0.69–1.27	0.68	0.93	0.66–1.31	0.67
Use of antihelminthics
No	1.00	Ref
Yes	0.92	0.60–1.42	0.71	1.48	0.82–2.70	0.20
Anaemia at the time of ANC registration
No	1.00	Ref
Yes	4.49	3.48–5.80	<0.001	3.32	2.36–4.66	<0.001
Malaria infection at the time ANC registration
No	1.00	Ref
Yes	0.57	0.31–1.06	0.08	0.78	0.34–1.82	0.57
Malaria infection at 36 weeks.
No	1.00	Ref
Yes	3.20	2.33–4.39	<0.001	2.36	1.56–3.56	<0.001
LBW
≥2.5kg	1.00	Ref
<2.5kg	1.48	1.08–2.03	0.02	1.38	0.82–2.32	0.22

cOR = crude odd ratio, aOR = adjusted odd ratio, 95%CI = 95% confident inferential, p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Ref = 1