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. 2021 Apr 20;16(4):e0249890. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249890

Fig 2. Structural equation modeling of the variables associated with nomophobia.

Fig 2

Inline graphic—observed variable; Inline graphic—latent variable; Inline graphic—impact of one variable on another; e—residual error in the prediction of an unobserved factor; * p<0.001; BDS = Beirut Distress Scale; HAM-A = Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAM-D = Hamilton Depression Scale; LIS = Lebanese Insomnia Scale; BARRAT scale used to measure impulsiveness.