Table 3.
Cox proportional hazards model for progression‐free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) estimation—multivariable analysis including “cytogenetic group” and/or “posterior fossa group”. Abbreviations: GTR = gross total resection; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; RT = radiotherapy; STR = subtotal resection; WHO = World Health Organization.
| Variable “cytogenetic group” included | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 240 patients | ||||
| PFS | ||||
| Variable | All patients | |||
| HR | Lower CI | Upper CI | P | |
| Gender (male vs. female) | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.4533 |
| Age, years (≥4 vs. <4) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.4045 |
| Location (supratentorial vs. infratentorial) | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 0.7623 |
| WHO histologic grade (III vs. II) | 1.9 | 1.1 | 3.4 | 0.0298 |
| Cytogenetic group (2 vs. 1) | 5.0 | 2.8 | 9.1 | <0.0001 |
| Cytogenetic group (3 vs. 1) | 12.5 | 6.7 | 23.9 | <0.0001 |
| Level of resection (STR vs. GTR) | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 0.0621 |
| Irradiation (RT vs. no RT) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.7603 |
| Nestin protein expression (positive vs. negative) | 2.3 | 1.5 | 3.7 | 0.0001 |
| OS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | All patients | |||
| HR | Lower CI | Upper CI | P | |
| Gender (male vs. female) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.1820 |
| Age, years (≥4 vs. <4) | 1.5 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 0.3580 |
| Location (supratentorial vs. infratentorial) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.0798 |
| WHO histologic grade (III vs. II) | 3.2 | 1.4 | 8.3 | 0.0062 |
| Cytogenetic group (2 vs. 1) | 26.6 | 8.2 | 135.7 | <0.0001 |
| Cytogenetic group (3 vs. 1) | 87.8 | 26.0 | 457.9 | <0.0001 |
| Level of resection (STR vs. GTR) | 1.5 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 0.1964 |
| Irradiation (RT vs. no RT) | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.0207 |
| Nestin protein expression (positive vs. negative) | 2.2 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 0.0106 |
| Variable “cytogenetic group” and “posterior fossa group” included | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 144 patients | ||||
| PFS | ||||
| Variable | All patients | |||
| HR | Lower CI | Upper CI | P | |
| Gender (male vs. female) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.2902 |
| Age, years (≥4 vs. <4) | 1.6 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.2472 |
| WHO histologic grade (III vs. II) | 1.0 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 0.9098 |
| Cytogenetic group (2 vs. 1) | 3.5 | 0.9 | 12.3 | 0.0611 |
| Cytogenetic group (3 vs. 1) | 6.9 | 1.8 | 26.0 | 0.0047 |
| Posterior fossa group (PFA vs. PFB) | 5.1 | 1.6 | 19.5 | 0.0057 |
| Level of resection (STR vs. GTR) | 1.9 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.0384 |
| Irradiation (RT vs. no RT) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.5520 |
| Nestin protein expression (positive vs. negative) | 2.5 | 1.4 | 4.9 | 0.0033 |
| OS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | All patients | |||
| HR | Lower CI | Upper CI | P | |
| Gender (male vs. female) | 1.2 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 0.7814 |
| Age, years (≥4 vs. <4) | 3.2 | 1.1 | 10.9 | 0.0400 |
| WHO histologic grade (III vs. II) | 2.0 | 0.7 | 6.1 | 0.1996 |
| Cytogenetic group (2 vs. 1) | 16.7 | 1.7 | 223.8 | 0.0145 |
| Cytogenetic group (3 vs. 1) | 31.3 | 3.0 | 448.2 | 0.0023 |
| Posterior fossa group (PFA vs. PFB) | 6.3 | 1.0 | 104.4 | 0.0544 |
| Level of resection (STR vs. GTR) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 0.4019 |
| Irradiation (RT vs. no RT) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.0207 |
| Nestin protein expression (positive vs. negative) | 2.7 | 1.2 | 7.1 | 0.0187 |
All boldface are HR and P‐value of statistically significant parameters.