Table 2.
List of differentially expressed proteins in the locus ceruleus of PD patients compared with controls ranked on fold change. Abbreviations: IPI = International Protein Index; PD = Parkinson's disease.
| Protein name | IPI number | Gene symbol | Fold change | P‐value | Functional classification* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dopamine beta‐hydroxylase | IPI00171678 | DBH | −∞ | 0.00014 | Hydroxylase |
| Isoform 2 of ELAV‐like protein 4 | IPI00395507 | ELAVL4 | −∞ | 0.0040 | mRNA processing factor |
| Isoform 1 of uncharacterized protein KIAA0513 | IPI00028516 | KIAA0513 | −∞ | 0.0040 | None |
| 28S ribosomal protein S6, mitochondrial | IPI00305668 | MRPS6 | −∞ | 0.0073 | Ribosomal protein |
| Serine/threonine‐protein kinase Nek7 | IPI00152658 | NEK7 | −∞ | 0.0086 | Protein kinase |
| Putative uncharacterized protein MRPL23 | IPI00658024 | MRPL23 | −∞ | 0.015 | Ribosomal protein |
| 7‐dehydrocholesterol reductase | IPI00294501 | DHCR7 | −∞ | 0.016 | Receptor |
| 28S ribosomal protein S34, mitochondrial | IPI00169413 | MRPS34 | −∞ | 0.021 | None |
| Galectin‐3 | IPI00465431 | LGALS3 | −∞ | 0.023 | Signaling molecule |
| Isoform 2 of tyrosine 3‐monooxygenase | IPI00218276 | TH | −23.965 | 0.00013 | Oxygenase |
| Neuroglobin | IPI00009758 | NGB | −13.079 | 0.0030 | Transporter |
| HESB like domain containing 2, isoform CRA_b | IPI00329615 | ISCA1 | −8.286 | 0.013 | None |
| Probable E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase HERC1 | IPI00022479 | HERC1 | −6.165 | 0.048 | Chromatin/chromatin‐binding protein |
| Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8 homolog A | IPI00100106 | RIC8A | −5.577 | 0.048 | None |
| Isoform 2 of serine/threonine‐protein kinase PAK 3 | IPI00027382 | PAK3 | −4.659 | 0.0046 | Protein kinase |
| Isoform 2 of small G protein signaling modulator 1 | IPI00514149 | SGSM1 | −4.623 | 0.045 | Hydrolase |
| Isoform 1 of regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 | IPI00034049 | UPF1 | −3.444 | 0.0018 | DNA helicase |
| Thioredoxin domain‐containing protein 4 | IPI00401264 | ERP44 | −3.426 | 0.033 | Isomerase |
| Gamma‐aminobutyric acid receptor‐associated protein | IPI00027253 | GABARAP | −3.418 | 0.043 | Non‐motor microtubule binding protein |
| Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 3 | IPI00290462 | CBR3 | −3.352 | 0.048 | Dehydrogenase |
| Brefeldin A‐inhibited guanine nucleotide‐exchange protein 3 | IPI00514897 | KIAA1244 | −3.347 | 0.0011 | Guanyl‐nucleotide exchange factor |
| Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 | IPI00853219 | RAPGEF2 | −2.984 | 0.042 | Guanyl‐nucleotide exchange factor |
| Isoleucyl‐tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic | IPI00644127 | IARS | −2.954 | 0.015 | Amino‐acyl tRNA synthetase |
| Isoform 1 of nitric oxide synthase, brain | IPI00217225 | NOS1 | −2.842 | 0.037 | Nuclease |
| Arginine‐rich, mutated in early stage tumors | IPI00328748 | MANF | −2.759 | 0.037 | None |
| Coatomer subunit beta | IPI00295851 | COPB1 | −2.718 | 0.013 | Vesicle coat protein |
| Isoform 1 of Rab3 GTPase‐activating protein non‐catalytic subunit | IPI00554590 | RAB3GAP2 | −2.539 | 0.0034 | G‐protein modulator |
| GrpE protein homolog 1, mitochondrial | IPI00029557 | GRPEL1 | −2.454 | 0.019 | Cytoskeletal protein |
| Phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase alpha chain | IPI00031820 | FARSA | −2.432 | 0.0091 | Amino‐acyl tRNA synthetase |
| Isoform Long of cold shock domain‐containing protein E1 | IPI00470891 | CSDE1 | −2.239 | 0.041 | None |
| Isoform 2 of protein tweety homolog 1 | IPI00010183 | TTYH1 | −2.113 | 0.048 | Anion channel |
| Protein FAM127A | IPI00816474 | FAM127A | −2.104 | 0.011 | None |
| Isoform 2 of ankyrin‐3 | IPI00472779 | ANK3 | −2.037 | 0.0061 | Cytoskeletal protein |
| Isoform 1 of acyl‐coenzyme A thioesterase 9, mitochondrial | IPI00220710 | ACOT9 | −2.006 | 0.0084 | Esterase |
| Phospholipase D3 | IPI00328243 | PLD3 | −1.983 | 0.038 | Phospholipase |
| Isoform 1 of kinectin | IPI00328753 | KTN1 | −1.972 | 0.0012 | Receptor |
| Dolichyl‐diphosphooligosaccharide‐protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1 precursor (Ribophorin I) | IPI00025874 | RPN1 | −1.910 | 0.020 | Glycosyltransferase |
| LYR motif‐containing protein 4 | IPI00006979 | LYRM4 | −1.836 | 0.030 | None |
| Tumor protein D52 isoform 2 | IPI00619951 | TPD52 | −1.808 | 0.037 | None |
| Isoform 1 of UDP‐glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 | IPI00024466 | UGGT1 | −1.790 | 0.015 | Glycosyltransferase |
| Protein kinase, cAMP‐dependent. regulatory, type II, alpha, isoform CRA_b | IPI00063234 | PRKAR2A | −1.783 | 0.040 | Kinase modulator |
| Flotillin‐1 | IPI00027438 | FLOT1 | −1.714 | 0.014 | Membrane traffic protein |
| Seipin | IPI00479357 | BSCL2 | −1.683 | 0.014 | None |
| FK506‐binding protein 4 | IPI00219005 | FKBP4 | −1.667 | 0.019 | Isomerase |
| Phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase beta chain | IPI00300074 | FARSB | −1.655 | 0.018 | Nucleic acid binding |
| Upregulated during skeletal muscle growth protein 5 | IPI00063903 | USMG5 | −1.554 | 0.017 | None |
| Prolow‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 | IPI00020557 | LRP1 | −1.537 | 0.043 | Receptor |
| Isoform 1 of Mammalian ependymin‐related protein 1 | IPI00259102 | EPDR1 | −1.516 | 0.032 | None |
| cDNA FLJ56389, highly similar to Elongation factor 1‐gamma | IPI00000875 | EEF1G | −1.352 | 0.030 | Anion channel |
| A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 12 isoform 2 | IPI00217683 | AKAP12 | −1.265 | 0.011 | None |
| Gamma‐synuclein | IPI00297714 | SNCG | −1.255 | 0.020 | Signaling molecule |
| cDNA FLJ56034, highly similar to 4‐aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial | IPI00009532 | ABAT | −1.249 | 0.0095 | Transaminase |
| Isoform IA of synapsin‐1 | IPI00300568 | SYN1 | −1.208 | 0.034 | Membrane trafficking regulatory protein |
| Leucine‐rich PPR motif‐containing protein, mitochondrial | IPI00783271 | LRPPRC | −1.193 | 0.042 | Transporter |
| Isoform alpha‐enolase of alpha‐enolase | IPI00465248 | ENO1 | 1.152 | 0.049 | Lyase |
| Isoform M1 of pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 | IPI00220644 | PKM2 | 1.155 | 0.00060 | Carbohydrate kinase |
| Creatine kinase B‐type | IPI00022977 | CKB | 1.178 | 0.015 | Amino acid kinase |
| gelsolin isoform c | IPI00647556 | GSN | 1.181 | 0.046 | Non‐motor actin binding protein |
| Carbonic anhydrase 2 | IPI00218414 | CA2 | 1.209 | 0.050 | Dehydratase |
| Isoform V0 of Versican core protein | IPI00009802 | VCAN | 1.258 | 0.046 | Extracellular matrix glycoprotein |
| Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 | IPI00018342 | AK1 | 1.277 | 0.033 | Nucleotide kinase |
| Ferritin heavy chain | IPI00554521 | FTH1 | 1.292 | 0.019 | Storage protein |
| Protein‐arginine deiminase type‐2 | IPI00294187 | PADI2 | 1.337 | 0.0010 | Hydrolase |
| Isoform 1 of cytosol aminopeptidase | IPI00419237 | LAP3 | 1.355 | 0.018 | Metalloprotease |
| Vimentin | IPI00418471 | VIM | 1.369 | 0.020 | Structural protein |
| Inositol monophosphatase | IPI00020906 | IMPA1 | 1.374 | 0.038 | Phosphatase |
| V‐crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog isoform b | IPI00305469 | CRK | 1.926 | 0.016 | None |
| Isoform 1 of regucalcin | IPI00017551 | RGN | 1.930 | 0.047 | Esterase |
| Transgelin | IPI00216138 | TAGLN | 1.971 | 0.037 | Non‐motor actin binding protein |
| Gamma‐butyrobetaine dioxygenase | IPI00027416 | BBOX1 | 2.155 | 0.020 | Hydroxylase |
| Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] | IPI00219129 | NQO2 | 2.191 | 0.046 | None |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B‐59 alpha chain | IPI00472073 | HLA‐B | 2.987 | 0.0071 | Immunoglobulin receptor family |
| Complement component 4B | IPI00887154 | C4B | 3.063 | 0.0078 | None |
| Wolframin | IPI00008711 | WFS1 | 3.373 | 0.015 | None |
| Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp686I04196 (Fragment) | IPI00399007 | IGHG2 | 3.621 | 0.019 | Immunoglobulin |
| c‐Myc‐responsive protein Rcl | IPI00007926 | C6ORF108 | 4.234 | 0.048 | None |
| cDNA FLJ55177, highly similar to ras‐related protein Ral‐B | IPI00004397 | RALB | 4.374 | 0.027 | Small GTPase |
| Mitochondrial glutamate carrier 2 | IPI00027826 | SLC25A18 | 7.117 | 0.032 | Amino acid transporter |
| Isoform 1 of NHL repeat‐containing protein 2 | IPI00301051 | NHLRC2 | 7.357 | 0.024 | None |
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial | IPI00103467 | ALDH1B1 | 7.522 | 0.033 | Dehydrogenase |
| Methylmalonyl‐CoA epimerase, mitochondrial | IPI00107722 | MCEE | 7.905 | 0.012 | DNA glycosylase |
| Isoform 2 of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 | IPI00165949 | ERAP1 | 9.501 | 0.020 | Metalloprotease |
| SAT2 protein | IPI00744810 | SAT2 | ∞ | 0.022 | Acetyltransferase |
| Isoform 1 of catenin alpha‐1 | IPI00215948 | CTNNA1 | ∞ | 0.021 | Non‐motor actin binding protein |
| Hemopexin | IPI00022488 | HPX | ∞ | 0.020 | Transfer/carrier protein |
| Podocalyxin‐like protein 1 precursor | IPI00299116 | PODXL | ∞ | 0.0083 | None |
| HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1‐1 beta chain | IPI00738107 | HLA‐DRB1 | ∞ | 0.0021 | Major histocompatibility complex antigen |
*
According to functional PANTHER classification (http://www.pantherdb.org).