Table 3.
Summary of Case Series and Case Report of C. psittaci Pneumonia
| Author | Reported Time | Number of Reported Cases | Reported Area | Methods | Anti-Infective Drugs | Clinical Outcome | History of Exposure to Avian or Poultry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gacouin4 | 2012 | 13 | France | mNGS | Tetracycline ± Erythromycin/Levofloxacin | 11 patients improved, 2 patients died | Yes |
| Laroucau33 | 2013 | 8 | France | PCR | Macrolides + Cephalosporins | Improved | Yes |
| Chau34 | 2015 | 3 | Hong Kong | PCR | Doxycycline | Improved | Yes |
| Mair-Jenkins35 | 2015 | 4 | United Kingdom | Serology and PCR | Not stated | Improved | No history of direct contact, but someone raises pigeons near the office building |
| Spoorenberg36 | 2016 | 7 | Netherlands | PCR, MIF | 2 patients used Tetracycline, Macrolide or Quinolone; 1 patients used β-lactam | Improved | 6 patients had an exposure history |
| Cipriano37 | 2016 | 1 | Portugal | IIF | Amoxicillin/Clenauic Acid, Azithromycin | Improved | Yes |
| Qiu29 | 2019 | 1 | China | mNGS | Doxycycline + Moxifloxacin | Improved | No |
| Zhu38 | 2019 | 1 | China | mNGS | Moxifloxacin | Improved | Yes |
| Shi39 | 2019 | 1 | China | PM-seq | Piperacillin/tazobactam + Minocycline | Improved | Yes |
| Liu28 | 2019 | 1 | China | Antibody test | Moxifloxacin | Improved | Yes |
| Gu13 | 2019 | 5 | China | mNGS, IIF | 1 patient used Minocycline +Erythromycin | Improved | 4 patients had an exposure history |
| 2 patients used Doxycycline+ Moxifloxacin | |||||||
| 2 patients used Moxifloxacin | |||||||
| Chen14 | 2020 | 9 | China | mNGS | Minocycline | 8 patients improved, 1 patient died | 7 patients had an exposure history |
| He40 | 2020 | 1 | China | mNGS | Doxycycline | Improved | Yes |
| Chen30 | 2020 | 1 | China | mNGS | Moxifloxacin +Cefoperazone Sodium Sulbactam/Meropenem | Improved | Not stated |
| Katsura41 | 2020 | 1 | Japan | PCR | Meropenem+Gamma globulin | Died | Yes |
| Zhang42 | 2020 | 1 | China | mNGS | Doxycycline +Moxifloxacin | Improved | Yes |
| Zhang43 | 2020 | 1 | China | mNGS | Doxycycline + ceftazidime/meropenem | Improved | No |
| Fernández44 | 2020 | 5 | Murcia | mNGS | 3 patients used Levofloxacin | Improved | Yes |
| + Doxycycline | |||||||
| 2 patients used Cephalosporin | |||||||
| + Doxycycline | |||||||
| Luo45 | 2020 | 5 | China | mNGS | 2 patients used Doxycycline | Improved | Yes |
| 1 patients used Doxycycline + Meropenem | |||||||
| 1 patients used Doxycycline + Piperacillin/tazobactam | |||||||
| 1 patients used Doxycycline + Levofloxacin |
Abbreviations: mNGS, metagenomics next-generation sequencing; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; MIF, micro-Immunofluorescence; IIF, indirect immunofluorescence; PM-seq, pathogenic microorganisms sequencing.