Table 3.

Prevalence and multivariable-adjusted relative risk of incident heart failure across groups by risk factors

	Black Women		White Women		Black Men		White Men
	RR (95% CI)	Prevalence	RR (95% CI)	Prevalence	RR (95% CI)	Prevalence	RR (95% CI)	Prevalence
Age, per year	1.05 (1.04–1.06)	--	1.09 (1.09–1.10)	--	1.05 (1.04–1.06)	--	1.09 (1.09–1.10)	--
Education (> high school)	0.55 (0.45–0.66)	0.52	0.65 (0.58–0.74)	0.49	0.57 (0.46–0.70)	0.51	0.66 (0.58–0.74)	0.55
Hypertension*	1.84 (1.52–2.23)	0.53	1.72 (1.55–1.91)	0.35	2.08 (1.68–2.54)	0.51	1.81 (1.63–2.01)	0.35
Diabetes	2.58 (2.17–3.07)	0.15	2.03 (1.77–2.32)	0.07	2.06 (1.66–2.51)	0.16	2.09 (1.84–2.37)	0.08
Obesity	1.28 (1.00–1.64)	0.49	1.87 (1.66–2.11)	0.22	1.23 (0.96–1.58)	0.35	1.76 (1.53–2.02)	0.22
Current Smoker	1.74 (1.45–2.10)	0.22	1.80 (1.61–2.02)	0.22	1.67 (1.37–2.04)	0.30	1.57 (1.40–1.76)	0.24
Hyperlipidemia	1.04 (0.88–1.24)	0.23	0.95 (0.86–1.05)	0.27	1.05 (0.85–1.30)	0.19	1.12 (1.00–1.25)	0.22

Adjusted for age, education, all modifiable risk factors when not included as the primary exposure and competing risk of death from other causes.

^*Hypertension: SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 mm Hg, or treated

RR: relative risk; CI: confidence interval