Table 2.

Aberrant antibody glycosylation observed in autoimmune diseases.

Glycosylation	RA	SLE	CD	UC	AAV	PBC	PSC
Agalactosylation	IgG↑ [104, 105, 107, 108]	IgG↑ [119, 120]	IgG↑ [124, 126]	IgG↑ [124, 126]	IgG↑ [133, 134]	IgG1 and IgG2 ↑ [86]	IgG1 ↑ [86]
Galactosylation	IgG↓ [97–99, 102, 103, 105, 106]	IgG ↓ [121]	IgG↓ [124, 125, 127]	IgG↓ [124, 125, 127]	IgG↓ [134]	IgG1↓ [86]	IgG↓ [86, 142]
Asialylation	IgG↑ [108]					IgA1/2↑ [86]
Sialylation	IgG↓ [97, 99, 105, 110]	IgG ↓ [121]	IgG↓ [125, 127]	IgG↓ [125]	IgG↓ [134, 135]		IgG1↓ [142]
Afucosylation						IgM J chain↑ [86]	IgG2↑ [86]
Fucosylation	IgG↑ [97, 103]	IgG ↑[122] ↓[121]	IgG ↑ [125]	IgG↓ [125]		IgM J chain↓ [86]	IgG4↑ [142]
Bisection		IgG↑ [121]	IgG1 and IgG2/3 ↑; IgG4↓ [125]	IgG↓ [125]	IgG1↓ [135]	IgA1/2↑ [86]	IgG4↑ [142]
Diantennary						IgA↑ [86]	IgG2/3 ↑[142]