Table 4.
Predictors of intense fear of childbirth (Wijma score ≥ 100)
| Variables | Simple logistic regression | Multiple logistic regression | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| score < 100 | score ≥ 100 | OR | p | AOR | 95% C.I for OR | ||
| Age (years) | Lower | Upper | |||||
| < 20 | 40 (6.8) | 8 (11.4) | 2.88** | .079 | 2.58 | .89 | 7.42 |
| 20–30 | 293 (49.5) | 44 (62.9) | 2.16* | .040 | 1.99 | 1.03 | 3.85 |
| > 30 | 259 (43.8) | 18 (25.7) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Educational level (years) | |||||||
| < 12 | 457 (77.2) | 55 (78.6) | 1.08 | – | – | – | – |
| > 12 | 135 (22.8) | 15 (21.4) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Satisfaction with household income | |||||||
| Low satisfied | 208 (35.1) | 31 (44.3) | 1.47† | – | – | – | – |
| Moderately satisfied/satisfied | 384 (64.9) | 39 (55.7) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Gestational age (week) | |||||||
| < 38 | 83 (14.0) | 7 (10.0) | .77 | – | – | – | – |
| 38–40 | 427 (72.1) | 54 (77.1) | 1.15 | – | – | – | – |
| > 40 | 82 (13.9) | 9 (12.9) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Parity | |||||||
| Primipara | 240 (40.5) | 43 (61.4) | 2.34** | .035 | 1.94 | 1.05 | 3.60 |
| Multipara | 352 (59.5) | 27 (38.6) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Birth mode | |||||||
| Cesarean | 127 (21.5) | 17 (24.3) | 1.17 | – | – | – | – |
| Normal vaginal birth | 465 (78.5) | 53 (75.5) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Having a doula | |||||||
| No | 423 (71.5) | 54 (77.1) | 1.35 | – | – | – | – |
| Yes | 169 (28.5) | 16 (22.9) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Onset of labor pain | |||||||
| Spontaneous | 410 (69.3) | 48 (68.6) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Induced | 182 (30.7) | 22 (31.4) | 1.07 | – | – | – | – |
| Pain relief method | |||||||
| Entonox | 281 (48.1) | 38 (54.3) | 1.56 | – | – | – | – |
| Spinal anesthesia | 120 (20.5) | 15 (21.4) | 1.36 | – | – | – | – |
| Hot water showers or massage | 21 (3.6) | 3 (4.3) | 1.65 | – | – | – | – |
| Nothing | 162 (27.7) | 14 (20.0) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Satisfaction with pregnancy | |||||||
| Not satisfied | 21 (3.5) | 16 (22.9) | 44.95*** | <.001 | 12.14 | 5.17 | 28.50 |
| Low satisfied | 53 (9.0) | 13 (18.6) | 14.47* | <.001 | 4.94 | 2.19 | 11.10 |
| Moderately satisfied | 218 (36.8) | 24 (34.3) | 6.50† | .078 | 1.83 | .935 | 3.57 |
| Satisfied/Very satisfied | 300 (50.7) | 17 (24.3) | 3.92† | 1 | |||
| Perceived marital/sexual satisfaction | |||||||
| Not satisfied to moderately satisfied | 54 (9.1) | 14 (20.0) | 2.70** | .018 | 2.68 | 1.18 | 6.09 |
| Satisfied | 309 (52.2) | 34 (48.6) | 1.15 | .612 | 1.17 | .639 | 2.14 |
| Very satisfied | 229 (38.7) | 22 (31.4) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Satisfaction with husband support | |||||||
| Not satisfied to low satisfied | 17 (2.9) | 4 (5.7) | 2.10† | – | – | – | – |
| Moderately satisfied | 104 (17.6) | 18 (25.7) | 1.54† | – | – | – | – |
| Satisfied | 275 (46.5) | 26 (37.1) | .84 | – | – | – | – |
| Very satisfied | 196 (33.1) | 22 (31.4) | 1 | – | – | – | – |
†simple logistic regression: p < 0.25, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Variables entered on step 1: age, satisfaction with income, parity, maternal satisfaction with pregnancy, perceived marital/sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with husband support. method: backward LR, Cox & Snell R Square = 8.9%, Nagelkerke R Square = 18.2%