Table 1.
Characteristics of total patient cohort: sociodemographics, most recent SMI diagnosis, cluster, number and type of medications taken, and physical conditions
| Characteristica | n (%), n = 2971 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age | Mean [s.d.] | 47.4 [12.0] |
| Gender | Male | 167 (56) |
| Missing | 1 (<1%) | |
| Ethnicityb | White | 128 (43) |
| Black and minority ethnic | 97 (33) | |
| Missing | 72 (24) | |
| Receiving benefits | Yes | 223 (75) |
| Missing | 30 (10) | |
| Living situation | Alone | 106 (36) |
| Lives with spouse/family | 133 (45) | |
| Non-family, group home or other | 55 (19) | |
| Missing | 3 (1) | |
| Employment | Paid employment | 29 (9) |
| Not working/other | 261 (88) | |
| Missing | 7 (2) | |
| Most recent SMI diagnosis | Schizophrenia | 170 (57) |
| Bipolar disorder | 61 (21) | |
| Otherc | 65 (22) | |
| Missing | 1 (<1%) | |
| Smoking status | Smoker | 157 (53) |
| Missing | 9 (3) | |
| Smokers given cessation advice | Yes | 104 (66) |
| Missing | 19 (12) | |
| Alcohol drinkers | Yes | 156 (53) |
| Missing | 12 (4) | |
| Recreational drug use | Yes | 48 (16) |
| Missing | 15 (5) | |
| Evidence of a dual diagnosis | Yes | 75 (25) |
| Missing | 21 (7) | |
| Entitled to Section 117 (Mental Health Act 1983) aftercare | Yes | 49 (16) |
| Missing | 177 (60) | |
| Subject to a community treatment order | Yes | 21 (7) |
| Missing | 187 (63) | |
| Most recent cluster | Care cluster 11: ongoing/recurrent psychosis (low symptom) | 122 (41) |
| Care cluster 12: ongoing/recurrent psychosis (high disability) | 73 (25) | |
| Care cluster 13: ongoing/recurrent psychosis (high symptom and disability) | 40 (13) | |
| Care clusters 14–17d | 28 (9) | |
| Number of types of medications takene | n = 295 | |
| Median {IQR} | 2 {1–3} | |
| Types of medicationf | Atypical antipsychotic | 237 (80) |
| Antidepressant medication | 107 (36) | |
| Conventional antipsychotic | 74 (25) | |
| Bipolar disorder medication | 72 (24) | |
| Anti-anxiety medication | 80 (27) | |
| Other medication | 64 (22) | |
| Number of other physical health conditionsg | n = 295 | |
| Median {IQR} | 1 {0–2} | |
| 0 | 103 (35) | |
| 1 | 111 (37) | |
| ≥2 | 81 (27) |
SMI, severe mental illness; IQR, interquartile range.
The majority of these data were taken from the primary care pro forma. However, where there was no data for a particular variable on the primary care form and there was data in the secondary care form, the secondary care data was used, to minimise the amount of missing data.
Ethnicity: there was a high level of missing data as this was only collected adequately in one site (Birmingham); however, the missing data is likely to represent a high proportion of White individuals.
Other diagnoses included schizotypal personality disorder, persistent delusional disorder, acute/transient psychotic disorder, induced delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, severe depression with psychosis and other.
Care cluster 14–17: 14 (psychotic crisis), 15 (severe psychotic depression), 16 (dual diagnosis – substance misuse and mental illness) and 17 (psychosis and affective disorder – difficult to engage). Care clusters provide a framework for planning and organising mental health services, care and support that can be provided for individuals linked to the payment-by-results model.
Types of medication include conventional antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, bipolar disorder medications, antidepressant medications, antianxiety medications, other mental health medications and any other medication.
People can receive more than one type of medication, therefore percentages can add up to more than 100%. Bipolar disorder medications included (see Supplementary File 1) carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, lithium carbonate, lithium citrate, valproic acid and topimarate.
Physical conditions include diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, epilepsy, hypertension, stroke, thyroid disorder, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, learning disability, hearing problems, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, osteoarthritis, obesity, visual problems and other.