Table 3.

PGLS and phylogenetic signal results

	Total cranium dataset Kmult = 0.1328, p = 0.001					Facial patch dataset Kmult = 0.1724, p = 0.001				Neurocranial patch dataset Kmult = 0.1181, p = 0.001
Function	Df	R2	F	Z	p	R2	F	Z	p	R2	F	Z	p
Pcoords ~ ln(Csize)	1.55	0.353	29.977	4.839	0.001	0.262	19.521	3.905	0.001	0.443	43.701	4.887	0.001
Pcoords ~ clade	2.54	0.003	0.069	− 4.680	1.000	0.003	0.072	− 4.187	1.000	0.003	0.077	− 3.893	1.000
Pcoords ~ prey/predator mass ratio	1.54	0.130	8.041	3.214	0.005	0.094	5.577	2.434	0.007	0.088	5.205	2.432	0.014
Pcoords ~ dietary category (coarse)	2.53	0.028	0.763	− 0.084	0.498	0.016	0.441	− 0.874	0.800	0.077	2.214	1.514	0.087
Pcoords ~ dietary category (fine)	9.46	0.136	0.805	− 0.287	0.591	0.124	0.721	− 0.592	0.721	0.208	1.339	0.781	0.217
ln(Csize) ~ clade	2.54	0.001	0.023	− 2.409	0.973	0.001	0.023	− 2.307	0.969	0.001	0.031	− 2.189	0.968
ln(Csize) ~ prey/predator mass ratio	1.54	0.111	6.749	1.467	0.019	0.089	5.294	1.373	0.029	0.116	7.077	1.515	0.019
ln(Csize) ~ dietary category (coarse)	2.53	0.084	2.432	1.163	0.106	0.091	2.655	1.182	0.080	0.087	2.528	1.167	0.105
ln(Csize) ~ dietary category (fine)	9.46	0.175	1.086	0.366	0.354	0.198	1.263	0.567	0.288	0.183	1.146	0.437	0.329

Multivariate phylogenetic signal test (K_mult) results indicate low but significant signal in each dataset. All significant results after Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment (α = 0.10) in bold