Table 2.
Diagnostic value of plasma Nfl and t-tau in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias
| Nfl | t-tau | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUC | 95% CI | AUC | 95% CI | p value | |
| HC vs. AD | 0.97 | 0.94–0.99 | 0.67 | 0.57–0.77 | < 0.001 |
| HC vs. CJD | 1 | 1 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.98 | 0.003 |
| HC vs. DLB/PDD | 0.95 | 0.91–0.99 | 0.57 | 0.46–0.70 | < 0.001 |
| HC vs. FTD | 0.81 | 0.61–1 | 0.60 | 0.42–0.80 | 0.1 |
| HC vs. VaD | 0.99 | 0.99–1 | 0.55 | 0.39–0.67 | < 0.001 |
| NND vs. AD | 0.82 | 0.70–0.93 | 0.52 | 0.37–0.67 | < 0.001 |
| NND vs. CJD | 0.97 | 0.94–1 | 0.91 | 0.86–0.96 | 0.05 |
| NND vs. DLB/PDD | 0.84 | 0.72–0.95 | 0.71 | 0.57–0.85 | 0.1 |
| NND vs. FTD | 0.66 | 0.46–0.87 | 0.69 | 0.52–0.87 | 0.7 |
| NND vs. VaD | 0.90 | 0.80–1 | 0.62 | 0.45–0.78 | 0.002 |
| NND-Dem vs. AD | 0.95 | 0.90–1 | 0.62 | 0.44–0.80 | < 0.001 |
| NND-Dem vs. CJD | 0.67 | 0.53–0.80 | 0.93 | 0.89–0.98 | < 0.001 |
| NND-Dem vs. DLB/PDD | 0.91 | 0.83–0.99 | 0.56 | 0.42–0.77 | 0.001 |
| NND-Dem vs. FTD | 0.97 | 0.90–1 | 0.58 | 0.36–0.79 | < 0.001 |
| NND-Dem vs. VaD | 0.88 | 0.78 0.99 | 0.51 | 0.32–0.69 | 0.002 |
| AD vs. CJD | 0.98 | 0.96–1 | 0.91 | 0.87–0.96 | 0.01 |
| AD vs. DLB/PDD | 0.62 | 0.49–0.75 | 0.72 | 0.61–0.84 | 0.3 |
| AD vs. FTD | 0.66 | 0.46–0.85 | 0.70 | 0.51–0.88 | 0.7 |
| AD vs. VaD | 0.69 | 0.56–0.82 | 0.63 | 0.48–0.79 | 0.6 |
| CJD vs. DLB/PDD | 0.96 | 0.93–0.99 | 0.96 | 0.92–0.99 | 0.7 |
| CJD vs. FTD | 0.98 | 0.95–1 | 0.96 | 0.92–0.99 | 0.2 |
| CJD vs. VaD | 0.94 | 0.88–0.99 | 0.93 | 0.88–0.98 | 0.8 |
| DLB/PDD vs. FTD | 0.72 | 0.54–0.90 | 0.51 | 0.30–0.70 | 0.08 |
| DLB/PDD vs. VaD | 0.47 | 0.37–0.68 | 0.60 | 0.45–0.75 | 0.3 |
| FTD vs. VaD | 0.82 | 0.65–0.99 | 0.63 | 0.40–0.82 | 0.1 |
AUC derived from ROC curves, with 95% CI in the comparative analysis of HC, NND, and NND-Dem vs. neurodegenerative dementia and between the different neurodegenerative dementia groups are indicated. Statistical differences (p values) between AUC values for Nfl and t-tau in the comparisons between pairs of diagnostic groups calculated as explained in the “Statistical analysis” section. AUC, area under the curve; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; HC, healthy controls; NND, neurological diseases without dementia; NND-Dem, neurological diseases with dementia; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; CJD, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; DLB/PDD, dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson’s disease dementia; FTD, fronto-temporal dementia; VaD, vascular dementia; Nfl, neurofilament light; t-tau, total-tau