Fig. 2.

Body mass index outperforms genomic polygenic risk when identifying high—T2D risk individuals. In an example, high genetic risk, defined as the top ~ 3% of a genomic polygenic score, confers 3-fold increased risk versus the rest of the distribution and affects ~ 3% of a screened population, by definition. In 2019, a genomic polygenic score costs about $200/person. BMI exceeding 30 kg/m², which affects about 30% of the US population, also confers about 3-fold increased risk versus non-obese. While consideration of costs of polygenic scores does not take into account other conditions that may be detected by array genotyping, the cost of a stadiometer is essentially free per patient over time