Table 1.

Summary of treatment effects for G1 (a–h) and G2 (i–l) (p-values <0.05 shown in bold). Full model results for all phenotypic analyses are listed in the electronic supplementary material. Zeb, zebularine treatment.

response variable	fixed effects	estimate	d.f.	t/F/z	p
Generation 1
(a) day 9 tadpole growth	Zeb	−0.014	1, 476.5	6.529	0.011
(b) day 9 tadpole development	Zeb	−0.047	1, 479.2	4.158	0.042
(c) day 18 tadpole growth	Origin	5.259	1, 18.97	4.714	0.043
(d) day 18 tadpole development	Density	−0.463	1, 264.4	13.324	<0.001
	Origin	0.608	1, 18.94	8.679	0.008
(e) day 18 tadpole mortality	Alarm Cue	0.487	250	2.599	0.010
(f) metamorph mortality	Alarm Cue	0.198	250	1.954	0.052
(g) adult growth 6–12 months	Time	0.006	1, 1221	2450.2	<0.0001
	Density	−1.531	1, 1215	284.6	<0.0001
	Time × Origin × Zeb	0.0002	1, 1212	4.369	0.037
	Time × Origin × Alarm Cue	0.01	1, 1212	3.766	0.053
(h) adult mortality 6–12 months	Density	−235.664	11.981	−19.670	<0.0001
Generation 2
(i) tadpole growth	Density	8.0968	1,64.85	19.6965	<0.0001
(j) tadpole mortality	G1 Zeb × G2 Alarm Cue	−1.8875	68	−2.3750	0.0204
	G1 Alarm Cue × G2 Alarm Cue	−2.4516	68	−3.1543	0.0024
(k) potency of G2 tadpole cues—younger conspecific tadpole growth	G1 Alarm Cue	0.016	1,19.4	4.961	0.038
	G2 Alarm Cue	0.045	1, 143.3	89.323	<0.0001
(l) potency of G2 tadpole cues—younger conspecific tadpole development	G2 Alarm Cue	0.379	1, 156.4	49.498	<0.0001