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. 2020 Sep 21;63(10):3501–3524. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00173

Table 3.

Summarized findings from Figure 4 showing gains and effect sizes per structure from pre- to postintervention across tasks for each participant.

DA PM JJ Effect size a
Auxiliary BE questions b ✓ ✓ ✓ 0.88
Auxiliary BE declaratives c ✓ 0.04
Copula BE questions c ✓ ✓ 0.66
Copula BE declaratives c ✓ ✓ 0.41
Third-person singular –s c ✓ 0.12
Past tense –ed c ✓ 0.51

Note. Check marks indicate that the grammatical structure exhibited gains in at least two of the three probe tasks (i.e., sentence imitation, elicited production, and spontaneous language sample) and suggest stronger evidence of change.

a

Standard mean difference.

b

Grammatical structure targeted during intervention.

c

Generalization structures not targeted in intervention.