Table 3. The association between lung function PES and spirometry measures in the Hunter Community Study cohort.

Phenotype	PES	Z value	p	PES R2	NSNP
FEV1	Dilated cardiomyopathy	0.15	0.889	1.3 × 10−5	2404
	Extension of telomeres	−0.18	0.861	1.7 × 10−5	44
	Pathways in cancer	2.98	0.003	0.005	6214
FVC	Circadian clock	2.14	0.033	0.003	230
	Class B/2 secretin family receptors	3.14	0.002	0.005	76
	Extracellular matrix proteins	3.50	5 × 10−4	0.007	16,390
	Pathways in cancer	2.64	0.008	0.004	6212
PES: pharmagenic enrichment score; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s.

The Z value is the PES model coefficient divided by its standard error. The variance explained (R²) was the null model R² subtracted from the full model with the PES as a predictor. The number of independent SNPs used to calculate the PES in this cohort is reported in the N_SNP column. The reported results are from models unadjusted for genome-wide PGS.