Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in the UK Biobank study
| Incident heart failure |
||
|---|---|---|
| Yes (N = 4201) | No (N = 428 329) | |
| Characteristics | ||
| Age (years) | 61.6 (6.4) | 56.2 (8.1) |
| Sex, male (%) | 60.2 | 44.0 |
| Race, white (%) | 93.8 | 93.9 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.5 (5.9) | 27.3 (4.7) |
| Townsend Deprivation index | −0.8 (3.3) | −1.4 (3.0) |
| Current drinkers (%) | 86.4 | 92.0 |
| Current smokers (%) | 17.0 | 10.2 |
| MET (min/week) | 2478.9 (2283.5) | 2666.8 (2437.3) |
| Healthy diet score (%) | ||
| 0–1 | 13.5 | 11.6 |
| 2–3 | 52.7 | 48.8 |
| 4–5 | 33.8 | 39.6 |
| Prevalent diabetes (%) | 15.2 | 4.5 |
| Prevalent hypertension (%) | 49.7 | 25.5 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 145.6 (20.0) | 137.7 (18.6) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83.7 (11.0) | 82.4 (10.1) |
| PM2.5 (µg/m3) | 10.2 (1.1) | 10.0 (1.1) |
| PM10 (µg/m3) | 19.4 (1.9) | 19.3 (2.0) |
| PM2.5–10 (µg/m3) | 6.5 (0.9) | 6.4 (0.9) |
| NO2 (µg/m3) | 30.0 (9.1) | 29.3 (9.3) |
| NOx (µg/m3) | 46.1 (16.8) | 43.9 (15.6) |
Data are mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. MET, Metabolic Equivalent Task; PM2.5, particular matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm; PM10, particular matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 µm; PM2.5–10, particular matter with an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 10 µm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; NOx, nitrogen oxides.